Surfacers change their dive tactics depending on the aim of the dive: evidence from simultaneous measurements of breaths and energy expenditure
Surfacers change their dive tactics depending on the aim of the dive: evidence from simultaneous measurements of breaths and energy expenditure
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水面潜水员根据潜水目的改变潜水策略：来自同时测量呼吸和能量消耗的证据
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2014.0040
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shiro Kagawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Junichi Okuyama;Runa Tabata;Kana Nakajima;Nobuaki Arai;Masato Kobayashi;Shiro Kagawa
假设空气呼吸潜水员已经进化到在水面和水下期间分配他们的时间，以最大限度地从潜水活动中获得利益。然而，他们是否根据潜水的目的改变他们的时间分配仍然是未知的。这对“水面”潜水者来说可能尤其重要，因为他们除了觅食外还有各种各样的目的。在这项研究中，我们计算了呼吸事件在表面和估计氧气消耗在休息，觅食和其他潜水在11个绿色海龟（Chelonia mydas）在野外。通过头戴式加速度记录器或基于动物携带的视频记录器的直接观察来计数呼吸事件，并通过测量整体动态身体加速度来估计耗氧量。我们的研究结果表明，绿色海龟最大限度地延长了它们的潜水时间，然后用五到七次呼吸来补充氧气，以便休息潜水。然而，它们在觅食和其他潜水过程中改变了潜水策略;它们在没有耗尽估计的氧气储备的情况下浮出水面，然后只进行几次呼吸以进行有效的觅食和运动。这些二分法的浮出水面策略可能是海龟根据每次潜水的目的而改变行为的结果。
Air-breathing divers are assumed to have evolved to apportion their time between surface and underwater periods to maximize the benefit gained from diving activities. However, whether they change their time allocation depending on the aim of the dive is still unknown. This may be particularly crucial for ‘surfacers’ because they dive for various purposes in addition to foraging. In this study, we counted breath events at the surface and estimated oxygen consumption during resting, foraging and other dives in 11 green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the wild. Breath events were counted by a head-mounted acceleration logger or direct observation based on an animal-borne video logger, and oxygen consumption was estimated by measuring overall dynamic body acceleration. Our results indicate that green turtles maximized their submerged time, following this with five to seven breaths to replenish oxygen for resting dives. However, they changed their dive tactic during foraging and other dives; they surfaced without depleting their estimated stores of oxygen, followed by only a few breaths for effective foraging and locomotion. These dichotomous surfacing tactics would be the result of behavioural modifications by turtles depending on the aim of each dive.
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