Clinical Evidence of Exercise Benefits for Stroke
Clinical Evidence of Exercise Benefits for Stroke
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-10-4304-8_9
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Guo, Qi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Han, Peipei;Zhang, Wen;Guo, Qi
在发达国家，尽管中风是导致残疾调整生命年的第三大常见原因，而不是第一，但它也是治疗费用最高的原因之一。部分费用是由于中风后出现的继发性问题，包括：认知、记忆、注意力持续时间、疼痛、感觉丧失、心理问题以及行动和平衡问题。研究发现，运动对中风后患者的身体和心理都有积极的影响。因此，这一科学的陈述为脑卒中后患者的运动康复提供了一个概述。我们将使用系统的文献综述、临床和流行病学报告、已发表的发病率和死亡率研究、临床和公共卫生指南、患者档案和权威声明来支持这一综述。证据明确支持对中风幸存者使用各种运动训练（如有氧、力量、柔韧性、神经肌肉和传统中国运动）。有氧运动作为心脏康复的主要形式，可能在改善脑卒中患者有氧适能、心血管适能、认知能力、步行速度和耐力、平衡、生活质量、活动能力和其他健康结局方面发挥重要作用。力量锻炼被列入国家卒中指南，并被推荐用于卒中幸存者的一般健康促进，可改善卒中后患者的功能、心理社会方面和生活质量。柔韧性练习可以缓解肌肉痉挛问题，改善运动功能，运动范围，防止挛缩。伸展运动还可以防止关节收缩，肌肉缩短，减少痉挛，减少关节僵硬，改善中风后患者的整体功能。神经肌肉运动可以通过协调和平衡活动来改善日常生活活动。传统的中国运动用于改善行走和平衡能力，以及增加肌肉力量，这对中风后患者很重要。目前的证据强烈支持运动对中风后患者的作用，在本研究中，有氧运动、力量训练、柔韧性运动、神经肌肉运动和传统中式运动相结合。这项研究可以鼓励中风后幸存者考虑运动在康复过程中的重要性。
Even though stroke is the third, not the first, most common cause of disability-adjusted life years in developed countries, it is one of the most expensive to treat. Part of the expense is due to secondary problems in the post-stroke period including: cognition, memory, attention span, pain, sensation loss, psychological issues, and problems with mobility and balance. Research has identified that exercise has both positive physical and psychosocial effects for post-stroke patients. Therefore, this scientific statement provides an overview on exercise rehabilitation for post-stroke patients.We will use systematic literature reviews, clinical and epidemiology reports, published morbidity and mortality studies, clinical and public health guidelines, patient files, and authoritative statements to support this overview.Evidence clearly supports the use of various kinds of exercise training (e.g., aerobic, strength, flexibility, neuromuscular, and traditional Chinese exercise) for stroke survivors. Aerobic exercise, the main form of cardiac rehabilitation, may play an important role in improving aerobic fitness, cardiovascular fitness, cognitive abilities, walking speed and endurance, balance, quality of life, mobility, and other health outcomes among stroke patients. Strength exercise, included in national stroke guidelines and recommended for general health promotion for stroke survivors, can lead to improvements in functionality, psychosocial aspects, and quality of life for post-stroke patients. Flexibility exercises can relieve muscle spasticity problems, improve motor function, range of motion, and prevent contractures. Stretching exercises can also prevent joint contractures, muscle shortening, decrease spasticity, reduce joint stiffness and improve a post-stroke patient's overall function. Neuromuscular exercises can improve activities of daily living (ADL) through coordination and balance activities. Traditional Chinese exercises are used to improve walking and balance ability as well as increase muscle strength, which is important for post-stroke patients.The present evidence strongly supports the power of exercise for post-stroke patients, which in this study combined aerobic exercises, strength training, flexibility exercises, neuromuscular exercises, and traditional Chinese exercises. This research can encourage post-stroke survivors to consider the importance of exercise in the rehabilitation process.