To grow or survive: Which are the strategies of a perennial grass to face severe seasonal stress?
To grow or survive: Which are the strategies of a perennial grass to face severe seasonal stress?
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.13770
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发表时间：
2021-03-22
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Volaire, Florence
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keep, Thomas;Sampoux, Jean-Paul;Volaire, Florence
1. 气候变化导致更严重的季节性胁迫影响多年生植物物种的生存。休眠物种的生长与生存权衡是理解适应的一个关键问题。由于这种权衡的有效性尚未在非休眠物种中进行测试，因此通过探索多年生黑麦草应对干旱和霜冻策略的种内变异性来对其进行评估。2．三个常见花园比较了 3 年中沿纬度环境梯度的 385 个欧洲多年生黑麦草种群。在对比季节环境下记录持久性、生产力和生理特征。3．植物反应的解耦，即有利的夏季/冬季下的生长和恶劣的夏季/冬季下的植物存活，显示了生长潜力和脱水存活之间的普遍权衡。根据其对比策略，确定了三组多年生黑麦草种群：（a）来自潮湿地区的全年生产力高但胁迫敏感的种群； (b) 来自干旱多发地区的夏季生长潜力较低的耐旱种群和 (c) 来自霜冻多发地区的冬季生长潜力较低的耐霜种群。总体而言，在干旱中幸存下来的种群更加资源保守，而其他种群的种群则更加贪婪地获取资源。然而，这种整体功能模式的意义不如资源获取潜力的季节性变化。这些群体的预测潜在生物地理分布表明，欧洲未来几十年在气候变化下的适宜区域会发生变化。通过降低夏季生长潜力来逃避脱水和耐受脱水可能成为最适合欧洲日益扩大的地区的策略。4。多年生黑麦草物候适应的巨大种内变异表明，生长潜力的季节性调节对于植物在严重的慢性非生物胁迫下的适应至关重要。全球植物经济学谱无法解释对比鲜明的季节权衡，这指出了将物候性状整合为植物策略关键组成部分的重要性。确定这种非休眠物种的生长潜力与霜冻或干旱胁迫生存之间的权衡，为了解该主要物种对草原生态系统服务的未来区域分布提供了关键知识。
1. More severe seasonal stresses resulting from climate change affect the survival of perennial plant species. The growth-survival trade-off exemplified in dormant species is a key issue to understand adaptation. As the validity of this trade-off has yet to be tested in non-dormant species, it was assessed by exploring the intraspecific variability of strategies to face drought and frost within perennial ryegrass.2. Three common gardens compared 385 European perennial ryegrass populations along a latitudinal environmental gradient over 3-years. Persistence, productivity and physiological traits were recorded under contrasting seasonal environments.3. Decoupling plant responses, that is, growth under favourable summers/winters and plant survival under harsh summers/winters, showed a general trade-off between growth potential and dehydration survival. Three groups of perennial ryegrass populations were identified according to their contrasting strategies: (a) year-round productive but stress sensitive populations from wet areas; (b) drought-tolerant populations with low summer growth potential from drought-prone areas and (c) frost-tolerant populations with low winter growth potential from frost-prone areas. Overall, the populations surviving drought best were more resource conservative, whereas populations of the other groups were more resource acquisitive. However, such overall functional patterns were less meaningful than seasonal variations of resource acquisition potentials. The predicted potential biogeographical distribution of these groups suggests shifts of areas of suitability under climate change over the next decades in Europe. Dehydration escape and dehydration tolerance through reduction of growth potential in summer may become the strategies best adapted to an increasingly large area of Europe.4. The large intraspecific variability of phenological adaptations within perennial ryegrass reveals that the seasonal modulation of growth potential is crucial to plant adaptation under severe chronic abiotic stresses. The global plant economics spectrum cannot account for contrasting seasonal trade-offs, which points out the importance of integrating phenological traits as key components of plant strategies. The identification of the trade-off between growth potential and frost or drought stress survival in this non-dormant species provides key knowledge to understand the future regional distribution of this major species for grassland ecosystem services.