CANINE-DISTEMPER EPIZOOTIC IN LIONS, TIGERS, AND LEOPARDS IN NORTH-AMERICA
CANINE-DISTEMPER EPIZOOTIC IN LIONS, TIGERS, AND LEOPARDS IN NORTH-AMERICA
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DOI：
10.1177/104063879400600301
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发表时间：
1994-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
SUMMERS, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
APPEL, MJG;YATES, RA;SUMMERS, BA
1991年和1992年，犬瘟热病毒(CDV)感染在圈养豹(Panthera Pardus)、老虎(Panthera Tigris)、狮子(Panthera Leo)和美洲豹(Panthera Onca)身上发生。在加利福尼亚州圣费尔南多的野生动物运输站，一场流行性传染病影响了所有4种猫，造成17人死亡。被CDV感染的浣熊被认为是这些猫的感染源。两只黑豹在伊利诺伊州煤谷的奈比动物园死亡，两只老虎在加利福尼亚州阿克顿的香巴拉保护区死亡。最初的临床症状是伴有胃肠道和/或呼吸系统疾病的厌食症，随后是癫痫发作。从3只豹、3只老虎和3只狮子身上分离到犬瘟热病毒，这些病毒在死亡或濒临死亡时被安乐死。经单抗检测，该病毒分离株为CDV。大体和组织病理学结果与犬瘟热相似，但有少数例外。脑内病变较少，肺内有明显的2型细胞增殖，免疫组织学显示包涵体和CDV抗原。大多数动物血清中存在高滴度的CDV中和抗体，但在CDV感染后死亡的猫中没有中和抗体或仅在低滴度中发现中和抗体。不同毒株的CDV中和抗体效价有显著差异。
Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection occurred in captive leopards (Panthera pardus), tigers (Panthera tigris), lions (Panthera leo), and a jaguar (Panthera onca) in 1991 and 1992. An epizootic affected all 4 types of cats at the Wildlife Waystation, San Fernando, California, with 17 mortalities. CDV-infected raccoons were thought to be the source of infection in these cats. Two black leopards died at the Naibi Zoo, Coal Valley, Illinois, and 2 tigers died at the Shambala Preserve, Acton, California. Initial clinical signs were anorexia with gastrointestinal and/or respiratory disease followed by seizures. Canine distemper virus was isolated from 3 leopards, 3 tigers, and 3 lions that died or were euthanized when moribund. Monoclonal antibody testing identified the virus isolates as CDV. Gross and histopathologic findings were similar to those found in canids with distemper with a few exceptions. There were fewer lesions in the brain, and there was a pronounced type 2 cell proliferation in the lung, with inclusion bodies and CDV antigen demonstrated by immunohistology. Neutralizing antibody to CDV was found in high titers in serum from most animals but was absent or was found only in low titers in some cats that succumbed after CDV infection. There was a marked difference in neutralizing antibody titers when tests were done with different strains of CDV.