Cancer statistics, 2004
Cancer statistics, 2004
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DOI：
10.3322/canjclin.54.1.8
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Thun, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jemal, A;Tiwari, RC;Thun, MJ
每年，美国癌症协会都会根据美国国家癌症研究所的发病率数据和国家卫生统计中心的死亡率数据，估算当年美国预计的新癌症病例和死亡人数，并汇编有关癌症发病率、死亡率和存活率的最新数据。发病率和死亡率按2000年美国标准百万人口年龄标准化。2004年，美国预计将有1,368,030例新的癌症病例和563,700例死亡。从1995年到2000年，男性的发病率稳定下来，但从1987年到2000年，女性的发病率继续以每年0.4%的速度增长。自1992年以来，男性死亡率每年下降1.5%，但从1998年到2000年，女性死亡率保持稳定。男性的三个主要癌症部位（肺癌和支气管癌、结肠癌和直肠癌以及前列腺癌）以及女性乳腺癌和女性结肠直肠癌的癌症死亡率继续下降。在种族和民族分析中，与白人男性和女性相比，非裔美国男性和女性的所有癌症死亡率分别高出40%和20%。其他种族和族裔群体的癌症发病率和死亡率比白人和非裔美国人的发病率和死亡率低，就所有部位和四个主要癌症部位而言。然而，这些群体患胃癌、肝癌和宫颈癌的几率通常高于白人。此外，少数民族比白人更容易被诊断出患有晚期疾病。通过将现有的癌症控制知识应用于所有人群的实践，可以加速减轻癌症负担方面的进展。
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival rates based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and mortality rates are age standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,368,030 new cancer cases and 563,700 deaths are expected in the United States in 2004. Incidence rates stabilized among men from 1995 through 2000 but continued to increase among females by 0.4% per year from 1987 through 2000. Mortality rates have decreased by 1.5% per year since 1992 among men, but have stabilized from 1998 through 2000 among women. Cancer death rates continued to decrease from the three major cancer sites in men (lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, and prostate) and from female breast and colorectal cancers in women. In analyses by race and ethnicity, African-American men and women have 40% and 20% higher death rates from all cancers combined compared with White men and women, respectively. Cancer incidence and mortality rates are lower in other racial and ethnic groups than in Whites and African Americans for all sites combined and for the four major cancer sites. However, these groups generally have higher rates for stomach, liver, and cervical cancers than do Whites. Furthermore, minority populations are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease than are Whites. Progress in reducing the burden from cancer can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge into practice among all segments of the population.