Protection through participation: Crowdsourced tap water quality monitoring for enhanced public health
Protection through participation: Crowdsourced tap water quality monitoring for enhanced public health
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2019.115209
复制
发表时间：
2020-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Mo, Weiwei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jakositz, Sarah;Pillsbury, Lana;Mo, Weiwei
城市饮用水中的铅污染是一个全国性的公共卫生问题，通常是水与含铅的配水管道和室内管道接触的结果。因此，美国环境保护署的《铅与铜规则》要求在公共供水系统中一小部分用户水龙头处采用使用点采样方法。虽然这种方法很实用，但却使大量用户没有得到直接的监测和保护。作为回应，开展了一项基于竞赛的新型众包研究，以促使公众监测自家水龙头的水质，并研究影响参与饮用水监测的因素。参与者被要求通过社交媒体发帖、信息亭和社区活动来采集自家饮用水样本，并有机会赢得现金奖励。该项目发放了大约800个采样包，从参与者那里收到了147个采样包，其中93%的参与者至少完成了部分调查。平均而言，发现私人水井的铅含量高于公共供水，且较高的铅含量并非归因于建筑物年代久远。参与者对自来水质量的感知与实际水质之间也没有统计相关性。调查反馈表明，公民因担心自身和/或家人的健康而有参与该项目的动机。相比之下，参与者表示他们并非受现金奖励的激励。该项目有助于为未来公众参与水质监测提供信息，创造关于个人参与动机影响的新知识，并提供建议以帮助提高对水质问题的认识。（C）2019爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Lead contamination in municipal drinking water is a national public health issue and is generally the result of water contact with leaded distribution piping and on premise plumbing. As a result, the US Environmental Protection Agency's Lead and Copper Rule requires point of use sampling methods at a small fraction of consumer taps on the public water distribution system. While this approach is practical, it leaves large gaps of consumers without direct monitoring and protection. In response, a novel contest-based crowdsourcing study was conducted to engage the public in monitoring their own water quality at their home taps and study factors that shaped participation in drinking water monitoring. Participants were asked to collect samples of their household drinking water through social media postings, kiosks, and community events with the chance to win a cash prize. The project distributed approximately 800 sampling packets and received 147 packets from participants of which 93% had at least partially completed surveys. On average, private wells were found to have higher lead levels than the public water supply, and the higher lead levels were not attributed to older building age. There is also no statistical relevance between the participants' perceived and actual tap water quality. Survey responses indicated that citizens were motivated to participate in the project due to concerns about their own health and/or the health of their families. In contrast, participants reported that they were not motivated by the cash prize. This project helps inform future public engagement with water quality monitoring, create new knowledge about the influence of personal motivations for participation, and provide recommendations to help increase awareness of water quality issues. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.