Oscillations in sensorimotor cortex in movement disorders: an electrocorticography study
Oscillations in sensorimotor cortex in movement disorders: an electrocorticography study
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/awr332
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Starr, Philip A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crowell, Andrea L.;Ryapolova-Webb, Elena S.;Starr, Philip A.
基底神经节起源的运动障碍可能是由包括基底神经节、丘脑和运动皮质在内的一个网络的同步振荡活动异常引起的。在人类中，从暂时外化脑深部刺激器电极记录的基底节区局部场电位的研究中已经了解了很多。这些研究导致了帕金森病在基底神经节-丘脑皮质网络的β频段（13-30 Hz）具有特征性改变的理论。然而，在相同的行为条件下，很少使用相同结构的记录来比较不同的疾病，这限制了对当前假设的直接评估。为了解决这个问题，我们利用硬脑膜下皮质电成像来研究三种最常见的运动障碍：帕金森病、原发性肌张力障碍和原发性震颤的皮质振荡。我们记录了31名受试者的主要运动和感觉皮层的局部场电位，使用常规手术中临时放置的条状电极放置深部脑刺激器。我们发现：(i)与其他情况相比，帕金森病患者的初级运动皮层宽带伽马功率增加，无论是在休息时还是在运动任务期间；（ii）帕金森病患者在运动任务的“停止”阶段初级运动皮层高β (20-30 Hz)功率增加；（iii）运动和感觉皮层功率谱中的α - β峰在帕金森病中出现的频率高于其他两种疾病；（iv）肌张力障碍患者在初级运动和感觉皮质中存在与运动相关的β带不同步受损。这些发现支持了一种新出现的假说，即疾病状态反映了同步振荡活动的异常。这是对三种最常见的运动障碍的感觉运动皮层局部场电位的首次研究。
Movement disorders of basal ganglia origin may arise from abnormalities in synchronized oscillatory activity in a network that includes the basal ganglia, thalamus and motor cortices. In humans, much has been learned from the study of basal ganglia local field potentials recorded from temporarily externalized deep brain stimulator electrodes. These studies have led to the theory that Parkinson's disease has characteristic alterations in the beta frequency band (13-30 Hz) in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical network. However, different disorders have rarely been compared using recordings in the same structure under the same behavioural conditions, limiting straightforward assessment of current hypotheses. To address this, we utilized subdural electrocorticography to study cortical oscillations in the three most common movement disorders: Parkinson's disease, primary dystonia and essential tremor. We recorded local field potentials from the arm area of primary motor and sensory cortices in 31 subjects using strip electrodes placed temporarily during routine surgery for deep brain stimulator placement. We show that: (i) primary motor cortex broadband gamma power is increased in Parkinson's disease compared with the other conditions, both at rest and during a movement task; (ii) primary motor cortex high beta (20-30 Hz) power is increased in Parkinson's disease during the 'stop' phase of a movement task; (iii) the alpha-beta peaks in the motor and sensory cortical power spectra occur at higher frequencies in Parkinson's disease than in the other two disorders; and (iv) patients with dystonia have impaired movement-related beta band desynchronization in primary motor and sensory cortices. The findings support the emerging hypothesis that disease states reflect abnormalities in synchronized oscillatory activity. This is the first study of sensorimotor cortex local field potentials in the three most common movement disorders.