Cognition and depression: current status and future directions.
Cognition and depression: current status and future directions.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131305
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
Joormann J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gotlib IH;Joormann J
抑郁症的认知理论认为，人们的思想、推断、态度和解释，以及他们注意和回忆信息的方式，会增加他们患抑郁症的风险。有三种机制与抑郁症患者的认知加工偏差和情绪失调之间的关系有关：工作记忆中的抑制过程和缺陷，对消极情绪状态和消极生活事件的沉思反应，以及无法使用积极和奖励刺激来调节消极情绪。在这篇综述中，我们提出了抑郁认知的当代特征，并讨论了不同的认知过程不仅相互关联，而且与抑郁症的标志性特征情绪失调有关。我们的结论是，抑郁症的特点是增加阐述负面信息，困难脱离负面材料，和赤字的认知控制时，处理负面信息。我们讨论了这些结论的治疗意义，并认为，抑郁症的认知方面的研究必须扩大调查的神经和遗传因素，在这种疾病的认知功能障碍。这样的综合调查应该帮助我们更全面地了解认知和生物因素如何相互作用，影响抑郁症的发作，维持和过程。
Cognitive theories of depression posit that people’s thoughts, inferences, attitudes, and interpretations, and the way in which they attend to and recall information, can increase their risk for depression. Three mechanisms have been implicated in the relation between biased cognitive processing and the dysregulation of emotion in depression: inhibitory processes and deficits in working memory, ruminative responses to negative mood states and negative life events, and the inability to use positive and rewarding stimuli to regulate negative mood. In this review, we present a contemporary characterization of depressive cognition and discuss how different cognitive processes are related not only to each other, but also to emotion dysregulation, the hallmark feature of depression. We conclude that depression is characterized by increased elaboration of negative information, by difficulties disengaging from negative material, and by deficits in cognitive control when processing negative information. We discuss treatment implications of these conclusions and argue that the study of cognitive aspects of depression must be broadened by investigating neural and genetic factors that are related to cognitive dysfunction in this disorder. Such integrative investigations should help us gain a more comprehensive understanding of how cognitive and biological factors interact to affect the onset, maintenance, and course of depression.