Impacts of the co-adoption of electric vehicles and solar panel systems: Empirical evidence of changes in electricity demand and consumer behaviors from household smart meter data
Impacts of the co-adoption of electric vehicles and solar panel systems: Empirical evidence of changes in electricity demand and consumer behaviors from household smart meter data
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106170
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Jing Liang;Y. Qiu;Bo Xing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jing Liang;Y. Qiu;Bo Xing
在家庭能源消费的电气化过程中，越来越多的消费者购买电动汽车（EV）和分布式太阳能光伏（PV）系统。本研究旨在研究电动汽车所有者在家中安装分布式太阳能电池板时电网电力需求的变化。两种技术的综合影响不同于两种单独影响的总和，因为它们可能不是相加的，而且电动汽车消费者的行为可能会发生变化。我们应用差异中的差异模型，比较有或没有电动汽车的消费者，以及有或没有额外PV的电动汽车消费者。我们使用亚利桑那州凤凰城大都市区13，190户家庭的每小时电力需求数据。我们的研究结果表明，与非电动汽车消费者相比，没有光伏电池板的电动汽车消费者使用更多的电力，他们的平均每小时需求高出0.4千瓦时。在增加PV后，电动汽车消费者从电网的平均小时需求减少了1.1千瓦时。同时采用电动车和电动车有助于减少系统高峰时段的负荷。此外，当电动汽车消费者将他们的一些电动汽车充电从晚上转移到白天时，我们还发现了行为变化的证据，以便他们用更清洁的电力为电动汽车充电。增加PV后，消费者每年节省的资金估计约为930美元，社会总储蓄估计约为925美元。鉴于积极的共同采用效果，政策含义是，应提供激励措施，以促进共同采用的PV与EV。
During the electrification of household energy consumption, there is an increasing number of consumers that purchase both electric vehicles (EV) and distributed solar photovoltaics (PV) systems. This study aims to examine the change in electricity demand from the power grid for EV owners when they add distributed solar panels to their homes. The impacts of the two technologies combined are different from the sum of two individual impacts because they may not be additive and EV consumers' behaviors may be subject to change. We apply a difference-in-differences model and compare consumers with or without EVs and also EV consumers with and without additional PVs. We use the hourly electricity demand data for 13,190 households in the Phoenix metropolitan area in Arizona. Our results show that EV consumers, without PV panels, use more electricity compared to non-EV consumers, and their average hourly demand is higher by 0.4 kWh. After adding PVs, EV consumers decrease the average hourly demand from the electric grid by 1.1 kWh. The co-adoption of PVs with EVs helps reduce the system peak hour loads. Besides, we also find evidence of behavior changes when EV consumers shift some of their EV charging from night to day so that they are charging their EVs with more cleaner electricity. The annual monetary savings for consumers after adding PVs are estimated to be ~$930, and the total social savings are estimated to be ~$925. Given the positive co-adoption effects, a policy implication is that incentives should be provided to promote the co-adoption of PVs with EVs.