3D Chromatin Structures of Mature Gametes and Structural Reprogramming during Mammalian Embryogenesis
3D Chromatin Structures of Mature Gametes and Structural Reprogramming during Mammalian Embryogenesis
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成熟配子的 3D 染色质结构和哺乳动物胚胎发生过程中的结构重编程
DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.029
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发表时间：
2017-07-13
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Liu, Jiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ke, Yuwen;Xu, Yanan;Liu, Jiang
染色质高阶结构在基因表达调控中起着重要作用。哺乳动物胚胎发育过程中的3D染色质结构的动态知识仍然有限。我们报告了小鼠配子和早期胚胎的3D染色质结构，使用优化的Hi-C方法和低细胞样品。我们发现，成熟的卵母细胞在中期II阶段没有拓扑相关域（TADs）。在精子中，超远程相互作用（>4 Mb）和染色体间相互作用频繁发生。受精卵和二细胞胚胎中父本和母本基因组的高级结构尚不清楚，但通过发育逐渐重建。DNA结构的建立需要DNA复制，但不需要合子基因组的激活。此外，未甲基化的CpG在A区室中富集，并且在胚胎中A区室中甲基化水平比B区室中降低的程度更大。总之，染色质结构的全局重编程发生在早期哺乳动物发育期间。
High-order chromatin structure plays important roles in gene expression regulation. Knowledge of the dynamics of 3D chromatin structures during mammalian embryo development remains limited. We report the 3D chromatin architecture of mouse gametes and early embryos using an optimized Hi-C method with low-cell samples. We find that mature oocytes at the metaphase II stage do not have topologically associated domains (TADs). In sperm, extra-long-range interactions (>4 Mb) and interchromosomal interactions occur frequently. The high-order structures of both the paternal and maternal genomes in zygotes and two-cell embryos are obscure but are gradually re-established through development. The establishment of the TAD structure requires DNA replication but not zygotic genome activation. Furthermore, unmethylated CpGs are enriched in A compartment, and methylation levels are decreased to a greater extent in A compartment than in B compartment in embryos. In summary, the global reprogramming of chromatin architecture occurs during early mammalian development.