REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH-CARE POLICIES AROUND THE WORLD
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH-CARE POLICIES AROUND THE WORLD
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02212574
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发表时间：
1995-10-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
MANSOUR, RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SEROUR, GI;ABOULGHAR, MA;MANSOUR, RT
生命伦理学是研究在卫生保健和生物sqiences中出现的伦理问题。它还包括与这些伦理问题有关的社会，法律的和经济问题的研究。自从1978年7月第一个试管婴儿Louise Brown在英国出生以来，医学辅助受孕（MAC）引起了公众和医学界的极大兴趣。MAC或人工生殖的起源可以追溯到体外受精的尝试。尽管哺乳动物卵母细胞在上个世纪末就已经体外受精（2），但人类卵母细胞的体外受精直到1944年才由Rock和门金完成（3）。从那以后，人类配子的处理得到了改进，并导致了今天可用的各种MAC技术。有不同的人工生殖方式，即体内人工生殖，即丈夫和妻子的配子在妻子体内受精，体外人工生殖，配子在体外受精，以及涉及第三方的人工生殖。
Bioethics is the study of ethical issues arising in health care and the biological sqiences. It also includes the study of social, legal and economic issues related to these ethical issues. Since the birth of the first test tube baby, Louise Brown, in England in July 1978 (1), medically assisted conception (MAC) has evoked great interest among the public as well as in the medical profession. The origin of MAC or artificial reproduction can be traced to attempts to fertilize human oocytes outside the body. Although mammalian oocytes were fertilized extracorporeally at the end of the last century (2), in vitro fertilization of human oocytes was accomplished only in 1944 by Rock and Menkin (3). Ever since, the handing of human gametes had been refined and led to various techniques of MAC available today.There are different modalities of artificial reproduction, ie, in vivo artificial reproduction where fertilization of the husbands' and wives' gametes occurs within the body of the wife, in vitro artificial reproduction where fertilization of the gametes is extracorporeal and artificial reproduction involving a third party.