Measuring children's sustained selective attention and working memory: validity of new minimally linguistic tasks.
Measuring children's sustained selective attention and working memory: validity of new minimally linguistic tasks.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13428-023-02078-5
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发表时间：
2024-02
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Eisenreich B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebert KD;Pham GT;Levi S;Eisenreich B
本研究引入了使用非语言刺激来测量持续选择性注意（SSA）和工作记忆（WM）的视觉任务，这是儿童学习和发育障碍的两个基础结构。使用基于论证的方法进行验证，我们检查每个任务是否(a)测量不同的结构，(b)显示内部一致性，(c)捕获一系列性能，以及(d)与年龄索引的发展相关。参与者包括71名4-10岁的儿童，其中12名有父母对语言/学习的关注。SSA任务在一个长而无趣的任务中呈现空间位置，遵循连续绩效任务范式。WM任务呈现长度不断增加的成对位置序列，包含n-back范式和复杂跨度范式的关键要素。在控制年龄的情况下，发现任务之间的关联最小（r = 0.26），表明相关但不同的构念。内部一致性高，分半信度为。94 （SSA）和。92 (WM);这些估计的稳定性得到了自举模拟的支持。任务表现分布均匀，在这个年龄范围内，最低限度或最高限度的影响最小。成绩与年龄呈正相关（SSA r = 0.49; WM r = 0.53）。与父母关心的探索性相关性对SSA有显著意义，但对WM没有显著意义。结果表明，这些新任务可以在最小的语言影响下测量儿童视觉域的SSA和WM。这些任务反映了上学早期的发展变化。进一步的调查可以检验它们对发育障碍儿童分类的效用。
This study introduces visual tasks using nonlinguistic stimuli that measure sustained selective attention (SSA) and working memory (WM), two constructs foundational to learning and associated with developmental disorders in children. Using an argument-based approach to validation, we examine whether each task (a) measures distinct constructs, (b) shows internal consistency, (c) captures a range of performance, and (d) relates to development as indexed by age. Participants included 71 children, ages 4–10, of whom 12 had parental concern for language/learning. The SSA task presented spatial locations within a long and uninteresting task, following the continuous performance task paradigm. The WM task presented paired location sequences of increasing length, incorporating key elements of the n-back and complex span paradigms. Controlling for age, tasks were found to be minimally associated with each other (r = .26), suggesting related but distinct constructs. Internal consistency was high, with split-half reliability of .94 (SSA) and .92 (WM); the stability of these estimates was supported by bootstrapping simulations. Task performance was evenly distributed, with minimal floor or ceiling effects within this age range. Performance was positively related to age (SSA r = .49; WM r = .53). Exploratory correlations with a measure of parental concern were significant for SSA but not WM. The results show that these new tasks can be used to measure children’s SSA and WM in a visual domain with minimal linguistic influence. These tasks capture developmental changes in the early school years. Further investigation can examine their utility for classifying children with developmental disorders.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gillam RB;Serang S;Montgomery JW;Evans JL
通讯作者：
Evans JL
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1177/1745691615621279
发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science
影响因子：
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作者：
Cowan N
通讯作者：
Cowan N
DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2006/022
发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Gathercole, SE