RNA topoisomerase is prevalent in all domains of life and associates with polyribosomes in animals.
RNA topoisomerase is prevalent in all domains of life and associates with polyribosomes in animals.
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RNA 拓扑异构酶普遍存在于生命的各个领域，并与动物的多核糖体相关
DOI：
10.1093/nar/gkw508
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发表时间：
2016-07-27
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Wang W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmad M;Xue Y;Lee SK;Martindale JL;Shen W;Li W;Zou S;Ciaramella M;Debat H;Nadal M;Leng F;Zhang H;Wang Q;Siaw GE;Niu H;Pommier Y;Gorospe M;Hsieh TS;Tse-Dinh YC;Xu D;Wang W
DNA 拓扑异构酶对于解决所有物种 DNA 代谢过程中的拓扑问题至关重要。然而，RNA 拓扑异构酶的流行率和功能仍不确定。在这里，我们发现 RNA 拓扑异构酶活性在细菌、古细菌和真核生物的 IA 型拓扑异构酶中普遍存在。此外，这种活性总是需要保守的IA型核心结构域和与DNA拓扑异构酶反应中使用的相同的催化残基；然而，它并不绝对需要非保守的羧基末端结构域 (CTD)，而这对于超螺旋 DNA 的弛豫反应是必需的。人Top3β的RNA拓扑异构酶活性与大肠杆菌拓扑异构酶I的不同之处在于，前者而不是后者需要CTD，这表明拓扑异构酶在进化过程中已经形成了独特的催化RNA拓扑异构酶反应的机制。值得注意的是，来自几种动物的 Top3β 蛋白与多核糖体相关，多核糖体是 mRNA 翻译的单位，而来自大肠杆菌和酵母的 Top3 同源物则缺乏这种关联。 Top3β-多核糖体关联需要 TDRD3，TDRD3 直接与 Top3β 相互作用，存在于动物中，但不存在于细菌或酵母中。我们认为 RNA 拓扑异构酶出现在早期的 RNA 世界中，并且它们保留在基于 DNA 的生命的所有领域中，在动物中它们作为多核糖体的一部分介导 mRNA 翻译。
DNA Topoisomerases are essential to resolve topological problems during DNA metabolism in all species. However, the prevalence and function of RNA topoisomerases remain uncertain. Here, we show that RNA topoisomerase activity is prevalent in Type IA topoisomerases from bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Moreover, this activity always requires the conserved Type IA core domains and the same catalytic residue used in DNA topoisomerase reaction; however, it does not absolutely require the non-conserved carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD), which is necessary for relaxation reactions of supercoiled DNA. The RNA topoisomerase activity of human Top3β differs from that of Escherichia coli topoisomerase I in that the former but not the latter requires the CTD, indicating that topoisomerases have developed distinct mechanisms during evolution to catalyze RNA topoisomerase reactions. Notably, Top3β proteins from several animals associate with polyribosomes, which are units of mRNA translation, whereas the Top3 homologs from E. coli and yeast lack the association. The Top3β-polyribosome association requires TDRD3, which directly interacts with Top3β and is present in animals but not bacteria or yeast. We propose that RNA topoisomerases arose in the early RNA world, and that they are retained through all domains of DNA-based life, where they mediate mRNA translation as part of polyribosomes in animals.