Intravenous cocaine discrimination in humans.
Intravenous cocaine discrimination in humans.
复制标题
人类静脉注射可卡因歧视。
DOI：
10.1037/1064-1297.14.2.99
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schubiner,Howard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johanson,Chris-Ellyn;Lundahl,LeslieH;Lockhart,Nancy;Schubiner,Howard
10 名可卡因依赖者接受了区分静脉注射生理盐水和 20 毫克/70 公斤可卡因的培训。在第一次治疗期间，盐水和可卡因注射交替两次，每次间隔 1 小时。注射是通过字母代码来识别的。在接下来的 3 个疗程中，进行了 12 项试验，盐水和可卡因以伪随机顺序各注射 6 次。每次注射后三十分钟，参与者被要求通过字母代码识别注射。 10 人中有 7 人了解了歧视（至少 10 次试验是正确的）。为了评估敏感性，研究人员在测试中使用不同剂量的可卡因对参与者进行了测试。在下一阶段，在测试过程中静脉注射甲基苯丙胺（5 和 10 毫克/70 公斤）和戊巴比妥（50 和 100 毫克/70 公斤），以确定区分是否表现出药理学类别选择性。在敏感性和选择性的评估过程中，穿插了培训课程。随着可卡因剂量的增加，将测试剂量识别为可卡因的参与者数量增加，这表明了敏感性。高剂量的甲基苯丙胺和戊巴比妥替代了可卡因。可卡因和甲基苯丙胺的生理和主观作用类似于兴奋剂且与剂量相关。戊巴比妥不产生生理变化，但增加了视觉模拟量表的镇静、药效良好和高评级。未能证明药理学选择性可能与参与者学习药物与非药物歧视有关，因此可能有必要在未来的研究中改变培训程序。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Ten cocaine-dependent participants were trained to discriminate between intravenous saline and 20 mg/70 kg cocaine. During the first session, saline and cocaine injections were alternated twice, with each separated by 1 hr. The injections were identified by letter codes. During the next 3 sessions, 12 trials were conducted, with saline and cocaine administered 6 times each in pseudorandom order. Thirty minutes following each injection, participants were asked to identify the injection by letter code. Seven of the 10 learned the discrimination (at least 10 trials correct). To evaluate sensitivity, the investigators tested participants with different doses of cocaine in test sessions. In the next phase, methamphetamine (5 and 10 mg/70 kg) and pentobarbital (50 and 100 mg/70 kg) were given intravenously during test sessions to determine whether the discrimination exhibited pharmacological class selectivity. During the evaluation of sensitivity and selectivity, training sessions were interspersed. As dose of cocaine increased, the number of participants identifying the test dose as cocaine increased, demonstrating sensitivity. The higher doses of methamphetamine and pentobarbital substituted for cocaine. The physiological and subjective effects of cocaine and methamphetamine were stimulant-like and dose related. Pentobarbital produced no physiological changes but increased Visual Analog Scale ratings of Sedation, Good Drug Effect, and High. This failure to demonstrate pharmacological selectivity may be related to participants' learning a drug-vs.-no-drug discrimination, and thus it may be necessary to alter training procedures in future studies.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)