Extended-spectrum and AmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in broilers and people living and/or working on broiler farms: prevalence, risk factors and molecular characteristics
Extended-spectrum and AmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in broilers and people living and/or working on broiler farms: prevalence, risk factors and molecular characteristics
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DOI：
10.1093/jac/dku178
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
van Hoek, A. H. A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huijbers, P. M. C.;Graat, E. A. M.;van Hoek, A. H. A. M.
目的：本研究的目的是：估计肉鸡养殖户、其家庭成员和员工携带广谱β -内酰胺酶（ESBL）和AmpC产β -内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌的患病率；确定和量化携带的风险因素，重点是与活肉鸡的接触；并比较来自农场内人类和肉鸡的分离株的分子特征，以深入了解传播途径。方法：随机选取50个荷兰肉鸡养殖场进行横断面流行病学研究。随机选取20只肉仔鸡取粪拭子。在47个农场生活和/或工作的141人送回了粪便拭子。分离出产生ESBL/ ampc的大肠杆菌，并对所选菌株进行了系统发育类群、质粒和序列类型的测定。采用问卷进行风险因素分析。结果：所有养殖场均呈阳性，肉鸡总样本阳性率为96.4%。人间患病率为19.1%，与活肉鸡有低程度接触者和高度接触者的患病率分别为14.3%和27.1%。5对人肉鸡分离株具有相同的基因、质粒家族和大肠杆菌序列类型，表现为无性传播。此外，在人类和肉鸡的不同大肠杆菌序列类型中，相同质粒家族中存在相似的ESBL/AmpC基因，这暗示了基因的水平转移。结论：肉鸡养殖场人群的患病率高于以往涉及患者和一般人群的研究。此外，在与活肉鸡有高度接触的个人中，携带风险增加。在肉鸡养殖场中，可能在ESBL/ ampc编码抗性基因向人类传播中发挥作用的传播途径的（相对）贡献应在未来的研究中继续进行。
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: estimate the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli carriage among broiler farmers, their family members and employees; identify and quantify risk factors for carriage, with an emphasis on contact with live broilers; and compare isolates from humans and broilers within farms with respect to molecular characteristics to gain insight into transmission routes.Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted on 50 randomly selected Dutch broiler farms. Cloacal swabswere taken from 20 randomly chosen broilers. Faecal swabs were returned by 141 individuals living and/or working on 47 farms. ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli were isolated and, for selected isolates, phylogenetic groups, plasmids and sequence types were determined. Questionnaires were used for risk factor analysis.Results: All sampled farms were positive, with 96.4% positive pooled broiler samples. The human prevalencewas 19.1%, with 14.3% and 27.1% among individuals having a low and a high degree of contact with live broilers, respectively. Five pairs of human-broiler isolates had identical genes, plasmid families and E. coli sequence types, showing clonal transmission. Furthermore, similar ESBL/AmpC genes on the same plasmid families in different E. coli sequence types in humans and broilers hinted at horizontal gene transfer.Conclusions: The prevalence among people on broiler farms was higher than in previous studies involving patients and the general population. Furthermore, an increased risk of carriage was shown among individuals having a high degree of contact with live broilers. The (relative) contribution of transmission routes that might play a role in the dissemination of ESBL/AmpC-encoding resistance genes to humans on broiler farms should be pursued in future studies.