GENOTYPE-BY-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN GRAIN-SORGHUM .2. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND PHOTOPERIOD ON ONTOGENY
GENOTYPE-BY-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN GRAIN-SORGHUM .2. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND PHOTOPERIOD ON ONTOGENY
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900020029x
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发表时间：
1989-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
DALE, AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HAMMER, GL;VANDERLIP, RL;DALE, AB
在高粱[Sorcerium bicolor（L.）Moench]，个体发育的基因型与环境互作效应可以由对温度和光周期的不同反应引起。我们进行了温室和田间试验，以开发新老高粱基因型个体发育的预测模型。新的基因型被认为更能适应热带环境。在温室研究中，10个基因型在两种温度（20和25 ℃）和六个种植日期（光周期10至15小时）下生长。在光周期大于约13小时，出苗至成花的持续时间（GS 1）延长约5天的所有基因型的两个温度。在两种温度下，GS1的持续时间最多可达10天。杂交种的反应与它们的早期亲本相似，表明早熟表现出某种形式的优势。光周期对花分化至开花期（GS 2）的持续时间影响很小或没有影响，杂种差异约3 d。用12个杂交种在澳大利亚和美国的地点进行田间试验，纬度从16 ℃到39 ℃。GS1和GS 2的持续时间分别为17 ~ 128 d和24 ~ 85 d。利用气温和光周期的函数对日发育速率进行建模。所有杂种的发育速率在两个阶段都表现出对温度的曲线反应。新老杂交种在GS1中的温度反应不同，但在GS 2中相似。新的杂种在所有温度下发育速率都较慢，但在较高温度（> 25 ℃）下差异更大。GS1的短日照光周期反应相似，临界光周期为13.2h。这些模型在一个单独的数据集上进行了测试，转换了类似的广泛环境，表现良好。
In sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], genotype-by-environment interaction effects of ontogeny can be caused by differing responses to temperature and photoperiod. We conducted glasshouse and field experiments to develop predictive models of ontogeny for old and new sorghum genotypes. New genotypes are considered better adapted to more tropical environments. In the glasshouse studies, 10 genotypes were grown at two temperatures (20 and 25 .degree.C) and six planting dates (photoperiod 10 to 15 h). At photoperiods greater than about 13 h, duration of emergence to floral initiation (GS1) was lengthened about 5 d for all genotypes of both temperatures. Genotypes differed in duration of GS1 by up to 10 d at both temperatures. Hybrids responded like their earlier parent, indicating earliness to show some form of dominance. Photoperiod had little or no effect on duration of floral initiation to anthesis (GS2), and hybrids differed by about 3 d. Field experiments with 12 hybrids were conducted at sites in Australia and USA convering latitudes from 16 and 39.degree.C. Durations of GS1 and GS2 ranged from 17 to 128 d and 24 and 85 d, respectively. Daily rate of development was modeled using functions of air temperature and photoperiod. Development rate of all hybrids exhibited a curvilinear response to temperature in both phases. Old and new hybrids differed in their temperature responses in GS1 but were similar in GS2. New hybrids had slower rates of development at all temperatures, but the difference was greater at higher temperatures (> 25 .degree.C). All hybrids had similar short-day photoperiodic response in GS1, with a critical photoperiod 13.2 h. The models were tested on a seperate data set converting a similar broad range of environments and performed well.