Hollow pollen shells to enhance drug delivery.
Hollow pollen shells to enhance drug delivery.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/pharmaceutics6010080
复制
发表时间：
2014-03-14
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Mackenzie G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diego-Taboada A;Beckett ST;Atkin SL;Mackenzie G
花粉粒和孢子壳是天然的微胶囊，旨在保护植物的遗传物质免受外部损害。壳由两层组成，内层（内壁）主要由纤维素组成，外层（外壁）主要由孢粉素组成。每一种的相对比例根据植物种类而变化。孢粉素的结构尚未完全确定，但不同的研究表明存在共轭酚，它为微胶囊提供抗氧化性能，并为其中的材料提供UV（紫外线）保护。这些微胶囊外壳具有许多有利的特性，例如尺寸均匀，对碱和酸的弹性，以及承受高达250 °C温度的能力。这些中空微胶囊具有以受控方式包封和释放活性物质的能力。它们对肠组织的粘膜粘附可能有助于孢粉素与肠粘膜的延长接触，导致营养品和药物的递送效率增加。通过简单地将两者混合在一起，并且在某些情况下操作真空，可以用活性物质的溶液或液体形式的活性物质填充中空微胶囊。取决于微胶囊上的压力、溶解度和/或pH因素，活性有效载荷可以在人体中释放。可以通过在壳上添加包衣或与壳内的活性物质共包封来控制活性物质释放。
Pollen grain and spore shells are natural microcapsules designed to protect the genetic material of the plant from external damage. The shell is made up of two layers, the inner layer (intine), made largely of cellulose, and the outer layer (exine), composed mainly of sporopollenin. The relative proportion of each varies according to the plant species. The structure of sporopollenin has not been fully characterised but different studies suggest the presence of conjugated phenols, which provide antioxidant properties to the microcapsule and UV (ultraviolet) protection to the material inside it. These microcapsule shells have many advantageous properties, such as homogeneity in size, resilience to both alkalis and acids, and the ability to withstand temperatures up to 250 °C. These hollow microcapsules have the ability to encapsulate and release actives in a controlled manner. Their mucoadhesion to intestinal tissues may contribute to the extended contact of the sporopollenin with the intestinal mucosa leading to an increased efficiency of delivery of nutraceuticals and drugs. The hollow microcapsules can be filled with a solution of the active or active in a liquid form by simply mixing both together, and in some cases operating a vacuum. The active payload can be released in the human body depending on pressure on the microcapsule, solubility and/or pH factors. Active release can be controlled by adding a coating on the shell, or co-encapsulation with the active inside the shell.