Arctic Snowfall from CloudSat Observations and Reanalyses
Arctic Snowfall from CloudSat Observations and Reanalyses
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CloudSat 观测和再分析的北极降雪
DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-19-0105.1
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
D. Bromwich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Edel;C. Claud;C. Genthon;C. Palerme;N. Wood;T. L’Ecuyer;D. Bromwich
虽然降雪对北极的水文循环做出了重大贡献，但最先进的气候学仍然存在显著差异。我们提出了一个基于卫星的表征降雪在北极地区使用CloudSat观测，并将其与其他各种气候。首先，我们研究了2007-10年CloudSat的降水频率和相位以及降雪率。固体降水的出现频率在北冰洋高于70%，格陵兰岛高于95%，而混合降水主要出现在北大西洋（50%），而液体降水主要出现在70°N以南的陆地（40%）。格陵兰岛、巴伦支海和阿拉斯加山脉的平均降雪量最大（>500 mm yr−1），格陵兰岛东南海岸的平均降雪量最大（达2000 mm yr−1）。然后，我们将降雪率与欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）中期再分析（ERA-Interim，以下简称ERA-I）和北极系统再分析（ASR）进行比较。在所有数据集中都观察到类似的一般地理模式，例如北大西洋风暴路径沿着的高降雪率。然而，在北极58°和82°N之间，ERA-I（153 mm yr−1），ASR版本1（206 mm yr− 1），ASR版本2（174 mm yr−1）和CloudSat（183 mm yr−1）之间的平均降雪率存在显着差异。格陵兰的降雪率和差异较大。相位归因可能是降雪率差异的一个重要来源，特别是关于ERA-I低估。尽管CloudSat在观测最低点方面存在局限性，但它是描述北极降雪特征的重要信息来源。
While snowfall makes a major contribution to the hydrological cycle in the Arctic, state-of-the-art climatologies still significantly disagree. We present a satellite-based characterization of snowfall in the Arctic using CloudSat observations, and compare it with various other climatologies. First, we examine the frequency and phase of precipitation as well as the snowfall rates from CloudSat over 2007–10. Frequency of solid precipitation is higher than 70% over the Arctic Ocean and 95% over Greenland, while mixed precipitation occurs mainly over North Atlantic (50%) and liquid precipitation over land south of 70°N (40%). Intense mean snowfall rates are located over Greenland, the Barents Sea, and the Alaska range (>500 mm yr−1), and maxima are located over the southeast coast of Greenland (up to 2000 mm yr−1). Then we compare snowfall rates with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim, herein ERA-I) and Arctic System Reanalysis (ASR). Similar general geographical patterns are observed in all datasets, such as the high snowfall rates along the North Atlantic storm track. Yet, there are significant mean snowfall rate differences over the Arctic between 58° and 82°N between ERA-I (153 mm yr−1), ASR version 1 (206 mm yr−1), ASR version 2 (174 mm yr−1), and CloudSat (183 mm yr−1). Snowfall rates and differences are larger over Greenland. Phase attribution is likely to be a significant source of snowfall rate differences, especially regarding ERA-I underestimation. In spite of its nadir-viewing limitations, CloudSat is an essential source of information to characterize snowfall in the Arctic.
影响因子：
8
作者：
Bromwich, D. H.;Wilson, A. B.;Walsh, J. E.
通讯作者：
Walsh, J. E.
DOI：
10.1002/2014jd022079
发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Maahn;C. Burgard;S. Crewell;I. Gorodetskaya;S. Kneifel;S. Lhermitte;K. Van Tricht;N. P. M. Lipzig
通讯作者：
M. Maahn;C. Burgard;S. Crewell;I. Gorodetskaya;S. Kneifel;S. Lhermitte;K. Van Tricht;N. P. M. Lipzig