Effects of urban environmental factors on heat-related emergency medical services (EMS) response time
Effects of urban environmental factors on heat-related emergency medical services (EMS) response time
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.102956
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发表时间：
2023-04-08
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mandalapu, Akhil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seong, Kijin;Jiao, Junfeng;Mandalapu, Akhil
由于与高温相关的疾病具有时间敏感性，因此在获得与高温相关的紧急医疗服务(EMS)服务方面的差距可能会导致城市健康差距。本文利用奥斯汀-特拉维斯县的EMS数据，通过时空分析估计交通拥堵造成的响应时间延误，并用普通的最小二乘(OLS)和地理加权回归(GWR)模型检验交通高峰时段延误的潜在影响因素。我们的结果表明，与高温相关的EMS在早上和晚上延迟最多；在奥斯汀的大都市郊区，特别是在奥斯汀的东部和西部，EMS的旅行时差具有较高的聚集模式。OL和GWR分析表明，较大的EMS数量、从EMS站到现场以及从现场到医院的距离更长，以及黑人和西班牙裔人口较多的社区，都会加剧与高温相关的EMS延误。在OLS模型中，道路密度、平均车速限制和开放空间增长率在统计上具有重要意义，尽管GWR的研究结果表明，系数符号在当地有所不同，需要进行更多调查。我们的发现通过EMS延迟的空间模式为从业者提供了更多的见解，供他们参考以减少当地的响应时间。
Due to the time-sensitive nature of heat-related illnesses, disparities in access to heat-related emergency medical services (EMS) services may contribute to urban health disparities. This paper is an empirical study utilizing Austin-Travis County EMS data to estimate the delays in response time due to traffic congestion through spatiotemporal analysis and to conduct the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models to examine the underlying factors affecting delays in peak traffic rush hours. Our results reveal that heat-related EMS is most delayed in the morning and the evening; there are higher clustering patterns of EMS travel time difference in Austin's metropolitan outskirts, notably in the east and west Austin. OLS and GWR analyses suggest that larger EMS counts, longer distances from an EMS station to the scene and from the scene to a hospital, and neighborhoods with a greater black and Hispanic population exacerbate heat-related EMS delays. Road density, average speed limit, and open space growth rate are statistically significant in the OLS model, although GWR findings suggest coefficient signs vary locally, requiring more investigation. Our findings provided additional insights through the spatial patterns of EMS delays to practitioners for their reference to reduce local response times.