Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012 enlightens the Namurian griffenfly diversity (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Bechalidae)
Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012 enlightens the Namurian griffenfly diversity (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Bechalidae)
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DOI：
10.1163/1876312x04302003
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
A. Nel;Jan-Michael Ilger;C. Brauckmann;J. Prokop
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Nel;Jan-Michael Ilger;C. Brauckmann;J. Prokop
对晚石炭世早期（Namurian）科Bechalidae Ilger & Brauckmann模式属的模式种Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann， 2012进行了重新描述。它不像先前提出的那样属于大翅目。其典型脉脉特征为：CuA与MP斜分离，在复合脉R+MA中出现一个凹形RP和凸形MA的真脉，ScP较短，在RP3/4、RP2和RP1主分支之间存在凸间脉IR2和IR1。我们将这一分类单元与单特异的贝蝶科一起转移到齿翅目。给出了贝氏蚊科及其模式属贝氏蚊的新诊断。此外，在远离ScP末端和靠近RP2基部的斜结下交叉静脉的存在证实了这样的假设，即结节下是一个最初独立于结节的结构，与翅膀气管有关的功能不同。与大翅目（= namurotypidae - parogidae - kargalotypidae - kohlwaldidae - megangelidae）和大翅目（=Lapeyridae - Nodialata）这两个分支之间的姐妹类群关系相比，大翅目（= namurotypidae - parogidae - kargalotypidae - kohlwaldidae - megangelidae）和大翅目（=Lapeyridae - Nodialata）被包括在一个分支中，而弯曲翅目与Lapeyridae和Nodialata之间的潜在关系被拒绝。Bechala代表了Namurian的一个“damselfly-like”生态位，显示了已知最早的翼翅目的高度多样性，强有力地表明，如果不是泥盆纪晚期，这种翼翅目进化枝也应该是早石炭纪。
Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012, the type species of the type genus of the early Late Carboniferous (Namurian) family Bechalidae Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012, is redescribed. It does not belong to the order Megasecoptera as previously proposed. The taxon is clearly attributable to Odonatoptera for the typical venation characters as CuA separating from MP obliquely, a true arculus with concave RP and convex MA emerging from a composite vein R+MA, short ScP, and presence of convex intercalaries IR2 and IR1 between the main branches of RP3/4, RP2 and RP1. We transfer this taxon with the monospecific family Bechalidae to Odonatoptera. A new diagnosis is given for Bechalidae and its type genus Bechala. Furthermore, the presence of an oblique subnodal crossvein very far from the ending of ScP and close to the base of RP2 confirms the hypothesis that the subnodus is a structure originally independent of the nodus with a different function in relation to wing tracheation. The Bechalidae are included in a clade (Meganeuridae–Sinierasipteridae–Bechalidae–Lapeyridae–Nodialata), in contrast to a sister group relationships between the two clades Meganisoptera (=Namurotypidae–Paralogidae–Kargalotypidae–Kohlwaldiidae–Meganeuridae) and Odonatoclada (=Lapeyridae–Nodialata), while the potential relationships between the Campylopteridae and the Lapeyridae and Nodialata are rejected. Bechala represents a ‘damselfly-like’ ecological niche in the Namurian, showing the high diversity of the earliest known Odonatoptera, strongly suggesting an Early Carboniferous, if not Late Devonian age for this pterygote clade.