Humic Acid Acts as a Natural Antidote of Graphene by Regulating Nanomaterial Translocation and Metabolic Fluxes in Vivo
Humic Acid Acts as a Natural Antidote of Graphene by Regulating Nanomaterial Translocation and Metabolic Fluxes in Vivo
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腐植酸通过调节体内纳米材料的易位和代谢通量作为石墨烯的天然解毒剂
DOI：
10.1021/es5012548
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发表时间：
2014-06-17
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Zhou, Qixing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Xiangang;Mu, Li;Zhou, Qixing
石墨烯相关的研究在广泛的学科中迅速加强，但很少有研究探讨生态系统风险，特别是植物毒性。该研究表明，石墨烯显著抑制了小麦根的数量和叶绿素的生物合成，并改变了芽的形态。腐殖酸（HA）是一种普遍存在的天然有机物，可显著（P < 0.05）缓解这种药害，并恢复茎尖的尖锐形态。石墨烯和石墨烯-HA都从小麦根转移到芽中，并在细胞质和叶绿体中发现。HA增加了石墨烯的无序结构和表面负电荷，减少了石墨烯的聚集。HA增强了石墨烯在液泡中的储存，这可能表明一种有效的解毒途径。石墨烯上调了尸胺、烷烃、葡萄糖酸和乌头酸的含量，这在很大程度上有助于观察到的植物毒性。相反，肌醇，苯丙氨酸，邻苯二甲酸和十八烷酸被石墨烯-HA上调。代谢途径分析表明，代谢通量的方向控制纳米毒性。这项工作提出了一个创新的概念，即HA作为石墨烯的天然解毒剂，通过调节其在体内的易位和代谢通量。这一知识对于避免高估纳米材料风险至关重要，并可用于控制纳米材料污染。
Graphene-related research has intensified rapidly in a wide range of disciplines, but few studies have examined ecosystem risks, particularly phytotoxicity. This study revealed that graphene significantly inhibits the number of wheat roots and the biosynthesis of chlorophyll, and altered the morphology of shoots. Humic acid (HA), a ubiquitous form of natural organic matter, significantly (P < 0.05) relieved this phytotoxicity and recovered the sharp morphology of shoot tips. Both graphene and graphene-HA were transferred from wheat roots to shoots and were found in the cytoplasms and chloroplasts. HA increased the disordered structure and surface negative charges, and reduced the aggregation of graphene. HA enhanced the storage of graphene in vacuoles, potentially indicating an effective detoxification path. The content of cadaverine, alkane, glyconic acid, and aconitic acid was up-regulated by graphene, greatly contributing to the observed phytotoxicity. Conversely, inositol, phenylalanine, phthalic acid, and octadecanoic acid were up-regulated by graphene-HA. The metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the direction of metabolic fluxes governed nanotoxicity. This work presents the innovative concept that HA acts as a natural antidote of graphene by regulating its translocation and metabolic fluxes in vivo. This knowledge is critical for avoiding the overestimation of nanomaterial risks and can be used to control nanomaterial contamination.