Examination of the Critical Period Hypothesis and Ultimate Attainment Among Spanish-English Bilinguals and English-Speaking Monolinguals
Examination of the Critical Period Hypothesis and Ultimate Attainment Among Spanish-English Bilinguals and English-Speaking Monolinguals
复制标题
西英双语者和英语单语者的关键期假设和最终成就的检验
DOI：
10.1179/136132808805297188
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Roanne G. Brice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Brice;Roanne G. Brice
摘要本研究的目的是在两个独立但相关的研究中研究西班牙-英语双语和单语英语个体的语音识别。第一项研究考察了三组双语个体的语音感知方面和出生年龄，从而探讨了年龄限制对第二语言学习的影响。第二项研究探讨了流利和熟练的双语者与单语英语者相比，是否在英语封闭单词上表现出相同的感知能力，从而衡量他们在英语方面的最终成就。45名西班牙语/英语流利的双语者参加了实验一，没有言语、语言或听力缺陷，而30名西班牙语-英语流利的双语者和30名单语英语者参加了第二项研究，没有言语、语言或听力缺陷。西班牙语-英语双语的听者能够区分出最初的辅音簇是发声的单词。此外，在西班牙语中识别CV-tense的单词比识别cv - relax的单词要快。研究还表明，在六年或更长时间内接触两种语言，可以增强第二语言的语音识别能力，即积极的语言迁移。本研究的结果表明，第二语言语言感知的最终实现似乎发生在9至15岁之间，这与关键时期或年龄限制假设中能力应该下降的时间正好相反。第二项研究的结果表明，说西班牙语和英语的人在语言感知方面的总体表现与只说一种语言的人不相上下。因此，本文报道的两项研究并没有支持关键期假说的概念（Lenneberg, 1967）。
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to study speech recognition among Spanish-English bilingual and monolingual English-speaking individuals in two, separate yet related, studies. The first study examined phonotactic aspects and age of arrival on speech perception among three groups of bilingual individuals, thereby investigating the effects of age limitations on second language learning. The second study addressed whether fluent and proficient bilingual speakers showed equal perceptual abilities when compared to monolingual English speakers on only English gated words, thus measuring their ultimate attainment in English. Forty-five Spanish/English fluent bilinguals with no reported speech, language, or hearing deficits participated in experiment one, whereas 30 Spanish-English fluent bilinguals and 30 monolingual English speakers with no reported speech, language, or hearing deficits participated in the second study. The Spanish-English bilingual listeners were able to differentiate words when the initial consonant cluster was voiced. In addition, CV-tense words were identified quicker (than CV-lax words) in Spanish than in English. It also appeared that exposure to two languages over a period of six or more years yielded enhanced phonotactic abilities in the second language, that is, positive language transference. Results from this study indicated that ultimate attainment of speech perception in a second language seems to occur from 9 to 15 years of age, that is, in direct contrast to when abilities should decrease according to the critical period or age limitation hypothesis. Results from the second study indicated that the Spanish-English speakers performed overall on par with their monolingual counterparts achieving ultimate attainment in speech perception. Therefore, the two studies reported here have not supported the notion of the critical period hypothesis (Lenneberg, 1967).
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
FLEGE, JE;MUNRO, MJ;MACKAY, IRA
通讯作者：
MACKAY, IRA