Superconducting Devices in Quantum Optics
Superconducting Devices in Quantum Optics
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-24091-6
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Hadfield;G. Johansson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hadfield;G. Johansson
在过去的十年中，超导器件在量子光学和量子信息处理领域中脱颖而出。超导探测器为红外光子探测提供了无与伦比的性能。这些器件实现了量子光学的根本性进步、量子安全通信网络的实现，并开辟了片上光量子信息处理的直接途径。基于约瑟夫森结的超导电路为可扩展的量子信息处理提供了蓝图，并为微波波长的量子光学开辟了新的领域。我们努力及时汇编来自这个充满活力的领域的全球顶尖团体的贡献。本书介绍了这一日益增长的科学技术领域的概况，并概述了全球最先进的技术。预计该领域未来将取得进展。本卷第一部分重点介绍近红外波长超导单光子探测器的技术和应用。第一章由来自麻省理工学院、NASA 喷气推进实验室和美国国家标准与技术研究院 (NIST) 的顶尖研究人员对超导纳米线单光子探测器进行了权威介绍。详细讨论了超导纳米线器件的原理。介绍了检测效率、暗计数率和定时抖动等关键概念。重点介绍了使用非晶超导材料来实现高器件产量和扩展的中红外灵敏度。提出了并行线架构，并对扩大到大面积阵列进行了展望。第二章介绍了另一种关键的超导探测器技术，即超导跃迁边缘传感器。本章由美国 NIST 团队贡献，他们一直是该技术发展的先锋。介绍了该器件的工作原理，包括最大化红外光子检测灵敏度和光子数分辨能力的关键考虑因素。一系列重要的量子光学实验利用
Over the past decade, superconducting devices have risen to prominence in the arena of quantum optics and quantum information processing. Superconducting detectors provide unparalleled performance for the detection of infrared photons. These devices enable fundamental advances in quantum optics, the realization of quantum secure communication networks, and open a direct route to on-chip optical quantum information processing. Superconducting circuits based on Josephson junctions provide a blueprint for scalable quantum information processing as well as opening up a new regime for quantum optics at microwave wavelengths. We have endeavored to provide a timely compilation of contributions from top groups worldwide across this dynamic field. This volume provides both an introduction to this area of growing scientific and technological interest, and a snapshot of the global state-of-the-art. Future advances in this domain are anticipated. Part I of this volume focuses on the technology and applications of superconducting single-photon detectors for near infrared wavelengths. Chapter 1 provides an authoritative introduction to superconducting nanowire single photon detectors by leading researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA. The superconducting nanowire device principle is discussed in detail. Key concepts are introduced such as detection efficiency, dark count rate, and timing jitter. The use of amorphous superconducting materials to achieve high device yield and extended mid-infrared sensitivity is highlighted. Parallel wire architectures are presented and an outlook is given on the scale-up to large area arrays.Chapter 2 introduces another key superconducting detector technology, the superconducting transition edge sensor. The chapter is contributed by the team at NIST, USA, who has been in the vanguard of developments in this technology. The device operation principle is introduced, including key considerations for maximizing sensitivity for the detection of infrared photons and photon-number resolving capability. A range of important quantum optics experiments exploiting