Developmental changes in human cerebral functional organization for word generation
Developmental changes in human cerebral functional organization for word generation
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhh129
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schlaggar, BL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, TT;Lugar, HM;Schlaggar, BL
认知神经科学的一个基本问题是人类大脑高级认知功能组织的发育变化的本质。事件相关的功能磁共振成像用于测量功能神经解剖学的发育变化，以控制词汇关联。首先，研究人员确定了学龄儿童和年轻人的大脑活动区域存在显著差异，尽管他们的任务表现相当。然后，这些区域的活动在7-32岁的个体中得到了更充分的表征。横断面分析和回归分析显示，随着年龄的增长，各地区的活动水平有系统的增加和减少。与年龄相关的活动增加主要是新招募的，后期处理区域，如左额叶和左顶叶皮层。另一方面，减少都是积极的激活，随着年龄的增长而减弱，并且在更广泛的神经解剖范围内发现，包括早期处理区域，如双侧胃外皮层。这些进行性和退行性变化的血流动力学大小、神经解剖学位置和成熟时间过程对人类大脑功能组织发展专业化的模型具有重要意义。
A fundamental issue in cognitive neuroscience is the nature of developmental changes in human cerebral functional organization for higher cognitive functions. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure developmental changes in the functional neuroanatomy subserving controlled lexical association. First, brain regions showing significant differences in activity between school-age children and young adults, despite equivalent task performance, were identified. Then, activity in these regions was more fully characterized in individuals spanning the ages of 7-32 years old. Cross-sectional and regression analyses showed systematic increases and decreases in levels of activity over age, by region. Age-related increases in activity were primarily newly recruited, later-stage processing regions, such as in left frontal and left parietal cortex. Decreases, on the other hand, were all positive activations that attenuated with age and were found across a wider neuroanatomical range, including earlier processing regions such as bilateral extrastriate cortex. The hemodynamic magnitude, neuroanatomical location and maturational timecourse of these progressive and regressive changes have implications for models of the developing specialization in human cerebral functional organization.