Snowmelt control on spring hydrology declines as the vernal window lengthens
Snowmelt control on spring hydrology declines as the vernal window lengthens
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/abbd00
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Contosta, A. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grogan, D. S.;Burakowski, E. A.;Contosta, A. R.
春窗期，或者说是冬到春的过渡期，是季节性积雪覆盖的森林生态系统的关键时期。打开和关闭春季窗口的事件形成了春季水文的独特特征，反过来又影响了陆地和水生生态系统过程。很少有研究探讨气候变化将如何改变春季窗口，从而影响基本水文在这一过渡时期。我们预测，在21世纪的春天窗口将延长+15至+28 d在北美东北部。高气候强迫情景下的积雪损失消除了59%的研究区域的春季窗口，消除了积雪对这些地区春季径流的影响。春季径流时间的春季窗口延长，但不消失变得类似于南部，无雪地区的降水驱动冬季径流，表明东北部森林的水文特征发生了根本性的变化。
The vernal window, or the winter-to-spring transition, is a key period for seasonally snow-covered, forested ecosystems. The events that open and close the vernal window shape the unique characteristics of spring hydrology that, in turn, influence both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem processes. Few studies have examined how climate change will alter the vernal window and thereby impact basic hydrology during this transitional period. We project that over the 21st century the vernal window will lengthen by +15 to +28 d in northeastern North America. Loss of snow cover under a high climate forcing scenario eliminates the vernal window across 59% of the study domain, removing snow's influence on spring runoff in those areas. Spring runoff timing where the vernal window lengthens but does not disappear becomes similar to the southern, snow-free region where precipitation drives winter runoff, indicating a fundamental change in the hydrologic character of northeastern forests.