Overcoming immunoregulatory plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells for accelerated clinical applications
Overcoming immunoregulatory plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells for accelerated clinical applications
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DOI：
10.1007/s12185-015-1918-6
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Cho, Seok-Goo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Nayoun;Cho, Seok-Goo
间充质干细胞（MSC）是具有分化为不同组织谱系潜能的多能基质细胞。除了其分化潜力外，MSC还具有免疫调节特性，这在临床前和临床研究中引起了越来越多的兴趣。多年来，MSC已在临床上迅速应用于各种免疫介导的疾病;然而，MSC治疗显示出相互矛盾的结果，通常临床结果不佳。最近，基于MSC的免疫调节的研究为相互矛盾的临床报告提供了可能的解释。现在普遍认识到，MSC的免疫调节特性不是组成性的，而是由存在于炎症微环境中的各种介质诱导的。不同的炎症刺激能够刺激MSC以引起不同的免疫调节表型。因此，基于MSC的免疫调节的可塑性和极化的概念可能在临床上具有重要的治疗意义。在这篇综述中，我们着重于MSC介导的免疫调节的潜在机制，有助于其治疗潜力。重要的是，我们讨论了新的战略方法，通过考虑免疫调节中的MSC可塑性来增强MSC的治疗潜力。
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into different tissue lineages. In addition to their differentiation potential, MSCs possess immunomodulatory properties that have created growing interest in both pre-clinical and clinical research. Over the years, MSCs have been applied rapidly in the clinic in a wide variety of immune-mediated disorders; however, MSC therapy has shown contradictory results, often with poor clinical outcomes. Recently, studies on MSC-based immune modulation have provided possible explanations for the conflicting clinical reports. It is now generally recognized that the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs are not constitutive but are induced by various mediators present in the inflammatory microenvironment. Different inflammatory stimuli are able to polarize MSCs to elicit distinct immunomodulatory phenotypes. Thus, the concepts of plasticity and polarization of MSC-based immune modulation may have important therapeutic implications in the clinic. In this review, we focus on the underlying mechanisms of MSC-mediated immune regulation that contribute to their therapeutic potential. Importantly, we discuss novel strategic approaches that enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs through a consideration of MSC plasticity in immune modulation.