EXPERIMENTAL REDUCTION OF STRESS BASED ON EGO-DEFENSE THEORY
EXPERIMENTAL REDUCTION OF STRESS BASED ON EGO-DEFENSE THEORY
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DOI：
10.1037/h0048936
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发表时间：
1964-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
DAVISON, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SPEISMAN, JC;LAZARUS, RS;DAVISON, L
先前的研究表明，一部无声电影展示了原始的青少年“皮下切割”仪式，产生了明显的压力反应。为电影创作了3首声轨，并与无声版本进行了对比。1，所谓的创伤轨道，指出了电影的威胁方面。另外两个基于自我防御理论，旨在鼓励对电影内容的防御性解释，以减少威胁。一种是对电影的否定和反应形成陈述，另一种是基于知识化。创伤轨迹增加了应激反应的证据，特别是在电影期间连续记录皮肤电导。防御性声音轨迹减少了压力反应的皮肤电导证据。防御声轨的有效性与2S组交互作用。理智化对学生们是有效的，对航空公司的管理人员也可能是有效的，但否认并没有那么有效，至少对学生群体来说是这样。研究结果支持的重要性的过程中产生的压力反应的认知评估的威胁，允许的结论是，相同的视觉刺激不同的压力产生的量取决于性质的认知评估的人，使其对他的意义。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
Previous research had shown that a silent film showing primitive adolescent" subincision" rites produced marked stress reactions. 3 sound tracks were created for the film and compared in impact with the silent version. 1, called the trauma track, pointed up the threatening aspect of the film. The other 2, based upon the theory of ego defense, were designed to encourage defensive interpretations of the film's contents so as to reduce threat. One consisted of denial and reaction formation statements about the film, the other was based on intellectualization. The trauma track increased evidences of stress response especially with respect to continuous recordings of skin conductance during the film. The defensive sound tracks reduced skin conductance evidence of stress response. The effectiveness of the defensive sound tracks interacted with the 2 S groups. Intellectualization was effective for the students and may have been also for the air executives, but denial was not as effective, at least for the student group. The findings supported the importance of the process of cognitive appraisal of threat in producing stress reactions, permitting the conclusion that the same visual stimulus varies in the amount of stress produced depending upon the nature of the cognitive appraisal the person makes regarding its significance for him.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)