Manipulating and tailoring the properties of 0-D and 1-D nanomaterials
Manipulating and tailoring the properties of 0-D and 1-D nanomaterials
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DOI：
10.1039/b925007g
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nan Pan;Bing Wang;Xiaoping Wang;J. Hou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nan Pan;Bing Wang;Xiaoping Wang;J. Hou
这篇专题文章回顾了操纵和剪裁零维（0-D）和一维（1-D）纳米材料的物理和化学性质的一些策略和实现，并揭示了潜在的机制。一系列高分辨率表征技术，如高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM），低温扫描隧道显微镜（LT-STM），导电原子力显微镜（CAFM），和空间分辨阴极发光（CL），已在这项研究中使用，这使我们能够研究单个纳米材料的形貌，结构和性能的实验。一些理论量子化学方法，如紧束缚（TB）和密度泛函理论（DFT）也被用来更好地理解实验现象。我们的研究结果表明，在原子和分子尺度上的故意控制，如制造有序和无序的金属纳米颗粒，生长设计的异质结构，掺杂或接枝单分子，以及改变几何形状（例如，纵横比、尖端锐度、尺寸和表面比）可以显著地定制0-D和1-D纳米材料的性质。这里显示的结果可以扩展到各种纳米材料和纳米器件，因此是有用的纳米科学和纳米技术的多方面应用。
This feature article reviews some strategies and realizations for manipulating and tailoring the physical and chemical properties of zero dimensional (0-D) and one dimensional (1-D) nanomaterials as well as reveals the underlying mechanism. A series of high-resolution characterization techniques, such as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (LT-STM), conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM), and spatially resolved cathodoluminescence (CL), have been used in this study, which enable us to investigate the morphologies, structures and properties of individual nanomaterials experimentally. Some theoretical quantum chemistry methods such as tightbinding (TB) and density functional theory (DFT) are also applied for better understanding the experimental phenomena. Our results demonstrate that deliberate control at atomic and molecular scale, such as fabricating ordered and disordered metal nanoparticles, growing designed heterostructures, doping or grafting single molecules, and changing geometry (e.g., aspect ratio, tip sharpness, size, and surface ratio), can dramatically tailor the properties of the 0-D and 1-D nanomaterials. The results shown here can be extended to various nanomaterials and nanodevices, and therefore are useful for versatile applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology.