Molecular phylogeny of the harvestmen genus Sabacon (Arachnida: Opiliones: Dyspnoi) reveals multiple Eocene-Oligocene intercontinental dispersal events in the Holarctic.

Molecular phylogeny of the harvestmen genus Sabacon (Arachnida: Opiliones: Dyspnoi) reveals multiple Eocene-Oligocene intercontinental dispersal events in the Holarctic.
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收获者属Sabacon(蛛形纲:Opiliones:Dyspnoi)的分子系统发育揭示了全北区的多次始新世-渐新世洲际扩散事件

DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2012.10.001
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Martens
Martens
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schönhofer;McCormack;Tsurusaki;Martens

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研究了全北极收获属(Sabacon)的系统发育和生物地理历史,认为该属是一个较为古老的分类群,呈洲际间断分布。利用多基因区域和贝叶斯推断对一个全面的Sabacon样本进行了分子系统发育关系的估计。分子钟分析,使用在BEAST中实现的松弛时钟模型,应用于日期发散事件。利用S-DIVA和拉格朗日c++在贝叶斯树的集合上重建生物地理情景,允许结合系统发育的不确定性和随时间变化的可选重建的量化。在Sabacon发现了四个主要的支撑良好的亚分支:(1)仅限于北美西部;(2)北美东部的S. mitchelli和日本分类群;(3)来自尼泊尔和中国的第二个北美西部群和分类群;(4)北美东部cavicolens与欧洲Sabacon物种样本。因此,4个区域动物群中有3个是非单系的,3个分支包括洲际分离。分子钟分析和生物地理重建支持在始新世-渐新世过渡期间几乎同时发生的洲际扩散。我们假设中第三纪的生物地理交换可能与全球变冷的开始有关,这使得嗜冷的Sabacon分类群在大陆内部和大陆之间分散。形态变异支持在Sabacon中观察到的不同遗传枝,并表明分类修订(例如将Sabacon划分为多个属)可能是有必要的。
We investigated the phylogeny and biogeographic history of the Holarctic harvestmen genus Sabacon, which shows an intercontinental disjunct distribution and is presumed to be a relatively old taxon. Molecular phylogenetic relationships of Sabacon were estimated using multiple gene regions and Bayesian inference for a comprehensive Sabacon sample. Molecular clock analyses, using relaxed clock models implemented in BEAST, are applied to date divergence events. Biogeographic scenarios utilizing S-DIVA and Lagrange C++ are reconstructed over sets of Bayesian trees, allowing for the incorporation of phylogenetic uncertainty and quantification of alternative reconstructions over time. Four primary well-supported subclades are recovered within Sabacon: (1) restricted to western North America; (2) eastern North American S. mitchelli and sampled Japanese taxa; (3) a second western North American group and taxa from Nepal and China; and (4) eastern North American S. cavicolens with sampled European Sabacon species. Three of four regional faunas (wNA, eNA, East Asia) are thereby non-monophyletic, and three clades include intercontinental disjuncts. Molecular clock analyses and biogeographic reconstructions support nearly simultaneous intercontinental dispersal coincident with the Eocene–Oligocene transition. We hypothesize that biogeographic exchange in the mid-Tertiary is likely correlated with the onset of global cooling, allowing cryophilic Sabacon taxa to disperse within and among continents. Morphological variation supports the divergent genetic clades observed in Sabacon, and suggests that a taxonomic revision (e.g., splitting Sabacon into multiple genera) may be warranted.
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