Estrogen receptors and the aging brain.
Estrogen receptors and the aging brain.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1042/ebc20200162
复制
发表时间：
2021-12-17
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Nalvarte I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maioli S;Leander K;Nilsson P;Nalvarte I
雌性激素雌激素被认为具有强大的神经保护作用。它通过结合和激活雌激素受体发出信号，根据受体亚型和上游或下游效应物，可以介导基因转录和快速的非基因组作用。通过这种方式，大脑中的雌激素受体参与调节神经分化、增殖、神经炎症、胆固醇代谢、突触可塑性和行为。循环性激素在衰老过程中下降，女性在更年期更快，而男性则更慢。这篇综述将讨论这种下降在调节时空雌激素受体α (ERα)和β (ERβ)信号下游老化脑的神经保护和恢复能力方面所需要的，以及在阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）中观察到的性别差异。此外，还将讨论与脑内ER表达有关的争议。了解大脑中性激素的时空信号可以导致更个性化的预防策略或治疗对抗神经退行性疾病。
The female sex hormone estrogen has been ascribed potent neuroprotective properties. It signals by binding and activating estrogen receptors that, depending on receptor subtype and upstream or downstream effectors, can mediate gene transcription and rapid non-genomic actions. In this way, estrogen receptors in the brain participate in modulating neural differentiation, proliferation, neuroinflammation, cholesterol metabolism, synaptic plasticity, and behavior. Circulating sex hormones decrease in the course of aging, more rapidly at menopause in women, and slower in men. This review will discuss what this drop entails in terms of modulating neuroprotection and resilience in the aging brain downstream of spatiotemporal estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) signaling, as well as in terms of the sex differences observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). In addition, controversies related to ER expression in the brain will be discussed. Understanding the spatiotemporal signaling of sex hormones in the brain can lead to more personalized prevention strategies or therapies combating neurodegenerative diseases.