Marmoset monkeys evaluate third-party reciprocity
Marmoset monkeys evaluate third-party reciprocity
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2014.0058
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ichinohe, Noritaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawai, Nobuyuki;Yasue, Miyuki;Ichinohe, Noritaka
许多非人类的灵长类动物被观察到在一对一的社会交换中会互惠并理解互惠。最近的一项研究表明，卷尾猴对第三方互惠和违反互惠都很敏感;然而，这种敏感性是否是一般智力的一个功能，这一点可以从它们相对于其他灵长类动物更大的大脑大小得到证明，目前还不清楚。我们假设，高度亲社会的灵长类动物，即使大脑相对较小，也会对其他动物的互惠行为敏感。在这里，我们表明，普通的绒猴之间的人类演员谁与他人的社会交流和那些谁没有互惠的歧视。当非互惠者保留所有食物时，猴子从非互惠者那里接受奖励的频率低于从互惠者那里接受奖励的频率，但是当他们观察到两个演员之间的互惠交换时，他们平等地接受两个演员的奖励。这些结果表明，在第三方社会交换中检测不公平互惠的机制并不需要基于比例更大的大脑的一般域更高的认知能力，而是从物种的合作和亲社会倾向中出现，从而表明这种能力在多个灵长类谱系中进化而来。
Many non-human primates have been observed to reciprocate and to understand reciprocity in one-to-one social exchanges. A recent study demonstrated that capuchin monkeys are sensitive to both third-party reciprocity and violation of reciprocity; however, whether this sensitivity is a function of general intelligence, evidenced by their larger brain size relative to other primates, remains unclear. We hypothesized that highly pro-social primates, even with a relatively smaller brain, would be sensitive to others' reciprocity. Here, we show that common marmosets discriminated between human actors who reciprocated in social exchanges with others and those who did not. Monkeys accepted rewards less frequently from non-reciprocators than they did from reciprocators when the non-reciprocators had retained all food items, but they accepted rewards from both actors equally when they had observed reciprocal exchange between the actors. These results suggest that mechanisms to detect unfair reciprocity in third-party social exchanges do not require domain-general higher cognitive ability based on proportionally larger brains, but rather emerge from the cooperative and pro-social tendencies of species, and thereby suggest this ability evolved in multiple primate lineages.