Incrimination of Lutzomyia cruzi as a vector of American Visceral Leishmaniasis
Incrimination of Lutzomyia cruzi as a vector of American Visceral Leishmaniasis
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2915.1998.00104.x
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Malacco, MAF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dos Santos, SO;Arias, J;Malacco, MAF
恰加斯利什曼原虫（库尼亚和恰加斯）是美洲内脏利什曼病（AVL）的病原体，由长须卢茨曼原虫（Lutz和Neiva）传播至整个美洲，从北方阿根廷到墨西哥南部（阿里亚斯等人，1996 b）。在至少一个先前报道的案例中，另一种白蛉，Lu。据报道，在哥伦比亚科尔多瓦省的San Andrés de Sotavento，evansi（Nunez-Tovar）是一种疑似病媒（Travi等人，1990年），在巴西，反家庭暴力一直是该国东北部各州，特别是塞阿拉州和巴伊亚州的一个主要问题（Deane和Deane，1962年），其表现形式似乎是10年一个周期（IA Sherlock，个人通信，Akhavan，1996年）。在过去几年中，许多国家都出现了反车辆地雷的重新出现以及这种疾病的城市化（阿里亚斯等人，1996年a）。我们在巴西南南马托格罗索州的Corumbá和Ladário看到的情况是许多城市正在发生的情况的一个例子。这里，感染了Le的犬。恰加斯病在1983年进行血清学调查后首次报道（Rego等，尽管早在1980年，在Corumbá的医院和保健中心就报告了人患反车辆地雷的病例。从表1可以看出，在一个人口为C的城市。1993年报告了第一例人间病例，此后病例数一直在增加。尽管这一地区被认为是高流行区（Anon，1994），但以前的昆虫学研究（加拉蒂等人，1985，1989）没有透露陆的存在。长须的1995年年中至年底开始采取控制措施。然而，它们并没有持续下去，覆盖率只有45%。本研究的目的是确定AVL在该地区的载体。
Leishmania chagasi (Cunha & Chagas), the aetiologic agent of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL), is transmitted by Lutzomyi longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) throughout the Americas, from Northern Argentina to Southern Mexico (Arias et al. 1996b). In at least one previously reported case, another species of sand fly, Lu. evansi (Nunez-Tovar), has been reported to be a suspected vector, in a specific focus of the disease, in San Andrés de Sotavento, Department of Cordoba, Colombia (Travi et al., 1990)Classically, in Brazil, AVL has been a major problem in the states in the north-east of the country, specifically in Ceará and Bahia (Deane & Deane, 1962), manifesting itself in a pattern suggestive of a 10-year cycle (IA Sherlock, personal communication, Akhavan, 1996). During the past few years, many countries have witnessed the re-emergence of AVL, as well as the urbanization of the disease (Arias et al. 1996a). What we have witnessed in Corumbá and Ladário, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil is an example of what is occurring in many cities. Here, canines infected with Le. chagasi were first reported in 1983 after a serological survey was carried out (Rego et al., 1983), even though human cases of AVL had been reported as early as 1980 in Corumbá’s hospitals and health centres. As can be seen in Table 1, in a city with a population of c. 96 000 the first human cases were reported in 1993 and since then, there has been an increase in the number of cases. Even though this area is considered to be hyperendemic (Anon, 1994), previous entomological studies (Galati et al., 1985, 1989) did not reveal the presence of Lu. longipalpis. Control interventions were initiated in mid-to late-1995. However, they were not sustained, and the coverage was only µ 45%. The purpose of this study was to define the vector of AVL in the region.