Different patterns of neuronal infection after intracerebral injection of two strains of pseudorabies virus
Different patterns of neuronal infection after intracerebral injection of two strains of pseudorabies virus
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.72.5.4434-4441.1998
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Enquist, LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Card, JP;Levitt, P;Enquist, LW
伪狂犬病病毒（Pseudorabies virus，PRV）是一种嗜神经性α疱疹病毒，可通过外周投射轴突侵入多种动物的中枢神经系统（CNS），在母体神经元中复制，然后通过突触途径感染回路中的其他神经元。对人类病原体单纯疱疹病毒1型的研究报告了直接注射到灵长类动物运动皮层后，两种病毒株的运输方向存在差异。在本研究中，我们研究了运输的毒力和减毒株的PRV的方向，利用注射到大鼠前额叶皮层，以评估特定的运动的病毒通过中枢神经系统的电路，数据表明应变依赖的感染模式与双向（顺行和逆行）运输的毒力病毒和单向（逆行）运输的减毒PRV从注射部位。受感染的神经元的分布和跨突触通路的程度也表明，在减毒株中的释放缺陷降低了通过神经元回路的病毒运输的表观速率，最后，注射不同浓度的病毒影响神经回路内复制的开始。两者合计，这些数据表明，病毒包膜糖蛋白和注射部位的病毒浓度是重要的决定因素的速度和方向的病毒运输通过中枢神经系统中的多突触电路。
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a swine neurotropic alphaherpesvirus, is known to invade the central nervous system (CNS) of a variety of animal species through peripherally projecting axons, replicate in the parent neurons, and then pass transsynaptically to infect other neurons of a circuit. Studies of the human pathogen herpes simplex virus type 1 have reported differences in the direction of transport of two strains of this virus after direct injection into the primate motor cortex. In the present study we examined the direction of transport of virulent and attenuated strains of PRV, utilizing injections into the rat prefrontal cortex to evaluate specific movement of virus through CNS circuitry, The data demonstrate strain-dependent patterns of infection consistent with bidirectional (anterograde and retrograde) transport of virulent virus and unidirectional (retrograde) transport of attenuated PRV from the site of injection. The distribution of infected neurons and the extent of transsynaptic passage also suggest that a release defect in the attenuated strain reduces the apparent rate of viral transport through neuronal circuitry, Finally, injection of different concentrations of virus influenced the onset of replication within a neural circuit. Taken together, these data suggest that viral envelope glycoproteins and virus concentration at the site of injection are important determinants of the rate and direction of viral transport through a multisynaptic circuit in the CNS.