Food insecurity, poor diet, and metabolic measures: The roles of stress and cortisol.
Food insecurity, poor diet, and metabolic measures: The roles of stress and cortisol.
复制标题
粮食不安全、不良饮食和代谢指标：压力和皮质醇的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2024.107294
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Tomiyama,AJanet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiu,DorothyT;Parker,JordanE;Wiley,CameronR;Epel,ElissaS;Laraia,BarbaraA;Leung,CindyW;Tomiyama,AJanet
粮食不安全非常普遍，并与不良饮食和较差的代谢结果有关。粮食不安全可能会带来压力，并可能引发慢性心理和生理压力。在这项研究中，我们测试了压力是否可以用来识别那些因粮食不安全而导致饮食和代谢指标恶化的最高风险人群。具体来说，我们假设皮质醇（压力的生理标志）和感知的心理压力会放大食品不安全与过度适口的食物摄入以及代谢指标之间的联系。在参加 NHLBI 生长与健康研究中年评估的 624 名 36-43 岁黑人和白人女性样本中，我们评估了食物不安全与过度适口食物摄入（高脂肪+高钠食物；高脂肪+高糖食物；和高碳水化合物+高钠食物）和代谢指标（空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗和腰围）之间的关联。我们发现，粮食不安全与较高水平的感知压力（R2 = 0.09）和更多摄入高脂肪+高糖（过适口）食物（R2 = 0.03）有关。对于累积皮质醇较高的人（以头发皮质醇为指标），食物不安全与较高的空腹血糖水平有关。皮质醇和感知压力都不会调节任何其他关系，并且这两个变量都不会在敏感性分析中发挥中介作用。鉴于这些基本上无效的发现，需要进一步研究来了解压力在粮食不安全的慢性健康负担中所扮演的角色。
Food insecurity is highly prevalent and linked to poorer diet and worse metabolic outcomes. Food insecurity can be stressful, and could elicit chronic psychological and physiological stress. In this study, we tested whether stress could be used to identify those at highest risk for worse diet and metabolic measures from food insecurity. Specifically, we hypothesized that cortisol (a physiological marker of stress) and perceived psychological stress would amplify the link between food insecurity and hyperpalatable food intake as well as metabolic measures. In a sample of 624 Black and White women aged 36-43 who participated in the NHLBI Growth and Health Studys midlife assessment, we assessed associations between food insecurity with hyperpalatable food intake (high fat + high sodium foods; high fat + high sugar foods; and high carbohydrate + high sodium foods), and metabolic measures (fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and waist circumference). We found that food insecurity was associated with higher levels of perceived stress (R2 = 0.09), and greater intake of high fat + high sugar (hyperpalatable) foods (R2 = 0.03). In those with higher cumulative cortisol (as indexed by hair cortisol), food insecurity was associated with higher levels of fasting glucose. Neither cortisol nor perceived stress moderated any other relationships, and neither variable functioned as a mediator in sensitivity analyses. Given these largely null findings, further research is needed to understand the role stress plays in the chronic health burdens of food insecurity.