Identification of non-taster Japanese macaques for a specific bitter taste
Identification of non-taster Japanese macaques for a specific bitter taste
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DOI：
10.1007/s10329-010-0209-3
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发表时间：
2010-07
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
N. Suzuki;T. Sugawara;A. Matsui;Yasuhiro Go;H. Hirai;H. Imai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Suzuki;T. Sugawara;A. Matsui;Yasuhiro Go;H. Hirai;H. Imai
在脊椎动物中，苦味感知是对抗生物活性物质摄入的关键检测机制，并由tas2rgene家族成员介导。最广为人知和研究最多的苦味物质是苯硫代氨基硫胺（PTC），它被TAS2R38识别，其分子结构类似于芸苔属植物中所含的硫代葡萄糖苷。在包括人类在内的许多灵长类动物中已经发现了“非味觉者”表型多态性（即对含ptc的食物不敏感）。在这里，我们报告了遗传和行为证据，证明“非味觉”日本猕猴的存在，它们起源于日本的一个有限地区。对333只日本猕猴和55只恒河猴tas2r38基因序列的比较表明，该基因型是在这两个物种分化之后出现的，独立于人类和黑猩猩“非味觉者”的出现。这一发现可能为阐明灵长类动物苦味感知的生态、进化和神经生物学方面提供了线索，这与它们有时在栖息地中用作食物的植物有关。
Bitter taste perception evolved as a key detection mechanism against the ingestion of bioactive substances, and is mediated byTAS2Rgene family members in vertebrates. The most widely known and best studied bitter substance is phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), which is recognized by TAS2R38 and has a molecular structure similar to that of glucosinolates contained in Brassica plants. The “non-taster” phenotypic polymorphism (i.e., not sensitive to PTC-containing foods) has been identified in many primates, including humans. Here, we report genetic and behavioral evidence for the existence of “non-taster” Japanese macaques, which originated from a restricted region of Japan. Comparison of the sequences of theTAS2R38gene of 333 Japanese and 55 rhesus macaques suggested that this genotype appeared after the divergence of these two species, independently of the appearance of human and chimpanzee “non-tasters”. This finding might give a clue for elucidating the ecological, evolutionary, and neurobiological aspects of bitter taste perception of primates, as related to the plants that they sometimes use as foods in their habitats.