The spectrum of thyroid diseases in childhood and its evolution during transition to adulthood: natural history, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and management.
The spectrum of thyroid diseases in childhood and its evolution during transition to adulthood: natural history, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and management.
复制标题
儿童时期甲状腺疾病的谱系及其在成年期过渡过程中的演变：自然史、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗。
DOI：
10.1007/bf03343911
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Sarlis,NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koch,CA;Sarlis,NJ
在这篇文章中，我们回顾了目前的知识的发病机制，诊断和鉴别诊断的甲状腺疾病在儿童和青少年，以及目前的最新治疗方法和管理指南，这些疾病。本概述在概念上分为两个部分，一部分侧重于甲状腺功能障碍，即导致甲状腺功能亢进和甲状腺功能减退的疾病，另一部分涉及甲状腺结构异常，即结节性疾病和甲状腺癌。目前，先天性甲状腺功能减退症的诊断比过去及时得多，使新生儿和儿童中与甲状腺功能减退症有关的智力迟钝和发育缺陷非常罕见，因此大大减少了其对公共卫生的影响。与此同时，我们对影响儿童甲状腺的几种遗传性疾病（如家族性非自身免疫性甲状腺功能亢进症）的分子基础以及导致甲状腺肿瘤的途径的理解也取得了相当大的进展。
In this contribution, we review current knowledge on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid disorders in childhood and adolescence, as well as present an update on therapy methods and management guidelines for these disorders. This overview is conceptually divided into two parts, one focusing on thyroid functional disorders,i.e.conditions leading to hyper- and hypothyroidism, and another one pertinent to structural abnormalities of the thyroid gland,i.e.nodular disorders and thyroid cancer. Currently, congenital hypothyroidism is diagnosed in a much more timely fashion rather than in the past, rendering hypothyroidism-related mental retardation and developmental deficits very rare in newborns and children and, hence, diminishing significantly its public health impact. At the same time, considerable advances have occurred in our understanding of the molecular basis of several genetic conditions affecting the thyroid gland in childhood, such as familial non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism, as well as of the pathways leading to thyroid neoplasia.