Community‐Driven Code Comparisons for Three‐Dimensional Dynamic Modeling of Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1029/2021jb023519

发表时间：

2021-11

期刊：

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

Junle Jiang;B. Erickson;Valère Lambert;J. Ampuero;R. Ando;S. Barbot;C. Cattania;Luca Dal Zilio;B. Duan;E. Dunham;A. Gabriel;N. Lapusta;Duo Li;Meng Li;Dunyu Liu;Yajing Liu;S. Ozawa;C. Pranger;Y. van Dinther

地震和地震滑动序列的动态建模（SEAS）提供了一个自洽的，基于物理的框架，以连接，解释和预测跨空间和时间尺度的各种地球物理观测。随着SEAS模型应用的日益增多，数值代码验证对于确保可靠的模拟结果至关重要，但由于缺乏解析解，通常是不可行的。在这里，我们开发了两个三维（3D）SEAS问题的基准，以比较和验证基于边界元，有限元和有限差分方法的数值代码，在社区倡议。我们的基准考虑了一个平面垂直走滑断层，它服从速率和状态相关的摩擦定律，在一个三维均匀的线性弹性全空间或半空间中，自发地震和缓慢滑动是由于构造荷载引起的。我们使用一套来自10个建模组的准动态模拟来评估多个地震周期所有阶段的一致性。我们发现足够大的模型域和小网格间距的模拟输出之间的定量协议。然而，初始事件的破裂锋的差异受自由表面和各种计算因素的影响。后期地震的复发间隔和成核阶段对数值分辨率和域尺寸相关载荷特别敏感。尽管有这种变化，个别地震的关键属性，包括破裂的风格，持续时间，总滑动，峰值滑动率，应力降，甚至在边缘解决模拟之间是可比的。我们的基准测试工作提供了一个基于社区的例子，以改进数值模拟并揭示模型可观测量的敏感性，这对于推进SEAS模型以更好地理解地震系统动力学非常重要。

Dynamic modeling of sequences of earthquakes and aseismic slip (SEAS) provides a self‐consistent, physics‐based framework to connect, interpret, and predict diverse geophysical observations across spatial and temporal scales. Amid growing applications of SEAS models, numerical code verification is essential to ensure reliable simulation results but is often infeasible due to the lack of analytical solutions. Here, we develop two benchmarks for three‐dimensional (3D) SEAS problems to compare and verify numerical codes based on boundary‐element, finite‐element, and finite‐difference methods, in a community initiative. Our benchmarks consider a planar vertical strike‐slip fault obeying a rate‐ and state‐dependent friction law, in a 3D homogeneous, linear elastic whole‐space or half‐space, where spontaneous earthquakes and slow slip arise due to tectonic‐like loading. We use a suite of quasi‐dynamic simulations from 10 modeling groups to assess the agreement during all phases of multiple seismic cycles. We find excellent quantitative agreement among simulated outputs for sufficiently large model domains and small grid spacings. However, discrepancies in rupture fronts of the initial event are influenced by the free surface and various computational factors. The recurrence intervals and nucleation phase of later earthquakes are particularly sensitive to numerical resolution and domain‐size‐dependent loading. Despite such variability, key properties of individual earthquakes, including rupture style, duration, total slip, peak slip rate, and stress drop, are comparable among even marginally resolved simulations. Our benchmark efforts offer a community‐based example to improve numerical simulations and reveal sensitivities of model observables, which are important for advancing SEAS models to better understand earthquake system dynamics.

Community‐Driven Code Comparisons for Three‐Dimensional Dynamic Modeling of Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip

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