Nonlinear optical effects of ultrahigh-Q silicon photonic nanocavities immersed in superfluid helium.
Nonlinear optical effects of ultrahigh-Q silicon photonic nanocavities immersed in superfluid helium.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep01436
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tang, Hong X.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun, Xiankai;Zhang, Xufeng;Schuck, Carsten;Tang, Hong X.
光子纳米腔是许多应用中的关键部件，因为它们能够捕获和存储光子并增强光与各种功能材料和结构的相互作用。在室温下，自由载流子和热光效应限制了硅光子腔中可以存储的最大光子数。为了减少这种影响，我们进行了第一次实验研究的光学非线性超高Q硅盘纳米腔在低温下在超流氦环境中。在高输入功率下，当温度越过液氦λ点时，腔透射谱表现出明显的蓝移双稳态行为。在更低的温度下，光谱恢复到对称的洛伦兹形状。在此条件下，我们获得了约40，000的大腔内光子数，这最终受到局域氦相变的限制。理论计算和数值模拟解释了这些新发现。
Photonic nanocavities are a key component in many applications because of their capability of trapping and storing photons and enhancing interactions of light with various functional materials and structures. The maximal number of photons that can be stored in silicon photonic cavities is limited by the free-carrier and thermo-optic effects at room temperature. To reduce such effects, we performed the first experimental study of optical nonlinearities in ultrahigh-Q silicon disk nanocavities at cryogenic temperatures in a superfluid helium environment. At elevated input power, the cavity transmission spectra exhibit distinct blue-shifted bistability behavior when temperature crosses the liquid helium lambda point. At even lower temperatures, the spectra restore to symmetric Lorentzian shapes. Under this condition, we obtain a large intracavity photon number of about 40,000, which is limited ultimately by the local helium phase transition. These new discoveries are explained by theoretical calculations and numerical simulations.
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