Peripheral neuropathies of the median, radial, and ulnar nerves: MR imaging features
Peripheral neuropathies of the median, radial, and ulnar nerves: MR imaging features
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DOI：
10.1148/rg.265055712
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Weishaupt, Dominik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreisek, Gustav;Crook, David W.;Weishaupt, Dominik
上肢的正中神经、桡神经和尺神经可能受到各种周围神经病变的影响，每种周围神经病变都可以根据其病因分为压迫性神经病变和非压迫性神经病变。压迫性神经病，也称为神经压迫综合征，包括髁上突综合征、旋前肌综合征、骨间前神经综合征、腕管综合征、骨间后神经综合征、肘管综合征和Guyon管综合征。非压迫性神经病包括创伤性神经损伤、感染性和炎症性疾病、多发性神经病和通常不会发生压迫综合征的解剖部位的肿块病变。虽然临床检查和电生理测试是诊断检查的基石，但在某些情况下，磁共振（MR）成像可提供有关病变确切解剖位置的关键信息，或有助于缩小鉴别诊断范围。在诊断为周围神经病变的患者中，MR成像可以帮助确定疾病的原因，并为保守治疗或手术计划提供重要信息。此外，正常解剖和可能的原因，典型的临床表现，周围神经病变的影响正中，桡神经和尺神经的MR成像特征的知识允许在诊断更大的信心。
The median, radial, and ulnar nerves of the upper limbs may be affected by various peripheral neuropathies, each of which may be categorized according to its cause, as either an entrapment or a nonentrapment neuropathy. Entrapment neuropathies, also referred to as nerve compression syndromes, include the supracondylar process syndrome, pronator syndrome, anterior interosseous nerve syndrome, carpal tunnel syndrome, posterior interosseous nerve syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, and Guyon canal syndrome. Nonentrapment neuropathies include traumatic nerve injuries, infectious and inflammatory conditions, polyneuropathies, and mass lesions at anatomic locations where entrapment syndromes typically do not occur. Although clinical examination and electrophysiologic testing are the cornerstone of the diagnostic work-up, in certain cases magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may provide key information about the exact anatomic location of a lesion or may help narrow the differential diagnosis. In patients with a diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy, MR imaging may help establish the cause of the condition and provide information crucial for conservative management or surgical planning. In addition, knowledge of the normal anatomy and of the possible causes, typical clinical findings, and MR imaging features of peripheral neuropathies that affect the median, radial, and ulnar nerves allows greater confidence in the diagnosis.