Breath ethanol and acetone as indicators of serum glucose levels: an initial report.
Breath ethanol and acetone as indicators of serum glucose levels: an initial report.
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DOI：
10.1089/dia.2005.7.115
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Blake, Donald R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galassetti, Pietro R;Novak, Brian;Blake, Donald R
背景：许多挥发性有机化合物存在于呼出的气体中，可能是内源性生物过程的副产品。乙醇是通过肠道细菌和酵母对葡萄糖进行酒精发酵产生的，而丙酮则来自游离脂肪酸的氧化，受葡萄糖代谢的影响。我们假设呼气乙醇和丙酮的综合分析将提供葡萄糖负荷期间血糖曲线的良好近似值。 方法：我们在基线和口服葡萄糖耐量测试 (OGTT)（摄入 75 g 葡萄糖，然后 120 分钟采样）期间同时收集 10 名健康志愿者的呼出气体、环境空气以及血清葡萄糖和胰岛素样本。通过气相色谱/质谱分析气体样品。 结果：平均葡萄糖值显示出典型的 OGTT 模式（快速增加，30-60 分钟达到峰值，并在 120 分钟逐渐恢复到接近基线）。呼气乙醇在测试早期表现出类似的模式，在 30 分钟时达到峰值；随后 60 分钟快速恢复至基础水平。呼吸丙酮逐渐降至基础水平以下，120 分钟时获得最低读数。采用葡萄糖、乙醇和丙酮的多元回归分析来估计与测量的血糖值相关的血糖曲线，平均个体相关系数为0.70，并且在任何受试者中均不低于0.41。结论：多种呼出气体的综合分析可以作为血糖水平的标志。需要进一步的研究来评估该方法在不同人群中的有效性。
BACKGROUND: Many volatile organic compounds are present in exhaled breath and may represent by-products of endogenous biological processes. Ethanol is produced via alcoholic fermentation of glucose by gut bacteria and yeast, while acetone derives from oxidations of free fatty acids, influenced by glucose metabolism. We hypothesized that the integrated analysis of breath ethanol and acetone would provide a good approximation of the blood glucose profile during a glucose load.METHODS: We collected simultaneous exhaled breath gas, ambient air, and serum glucose and insulin samples from 10 healthy volunteers at baseline and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (ingestion of 75 g of glucose followed by 120 min of sampling). Gas samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.RESULTS: Mean glucose values displayed a typical OGTT pattern (rapid increase, peak values at 30-60 min, and gradual return to near baseline by 120 min). Breath ethanol displayed a similar pattern early in the test, with peak values at 30 min; this was followed by a fast return to basal levels by 60 min. Breath acetone decreased progressively below basal levels, with lowest readings obtained at 120 min. A multiple regression analysis of glucose, ethanol, and acetone was used to estimate glucose profiles that correlated with measured glucose values with an average individual correlation coefficient of 0.70, and not lower than 0.41 in any subject.CONCLUSION: The integrated analysis of multiple exhaled gases may serve as a marker of blood glucose levels. Further studies are needed to assess the usefulness of this method in different populations.