A geometric morphometric relationship predicts stone flake shape and size variability
A geometric morphometric relationship predicts stone flake shape and size variability
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12520-017-0517-2
复制
发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
McPherron, Shannon P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Archer, Will;Pop, Cornel M.;McPherron, Shannon P.
考古记录提供了一扇窗口，让我们得以了解石器制品的变化与人类行为之间的复杂关系。石片是人类进化史上最丰富的过去行为遗迹，其形状和大小的差异可能是由一系列不同的环境和行为因素的变化所支撑的。受控的薄片生产实验已经得出了薄片平台制备行为（迄今为止由线性测量近似得到）与整体石头薄片变异性的不同方面之间的推论（Dibble和Rezek J Archaeol Sci 36:1945-1954, 2009； Lin等人）。Am Antiq 724-745, 2013；Magnani等人。考古学报（英文版），2014；Rezek等人。[J] .古生物学报，2011(5):559 - 559。然而，当结果应用于考古组合时，仍然存在大量无法解释的变异性。目前尚不清楚解释模型和考古数据之间的差异是否是某些关键变量测量误差的结果，传统分析是否在某种程度上是一个普遍的限制因素，或者是否还有其他未被解释的薄片形状和大小驱动因素。为了避免这些问题，本文描述了一种评估石材鳞片可变性的形状分析方法，包括一种新开发的三维几何形态测量方法（3DGM）。我们使用3DGM来证明平台和鳞片体之间的关系决定了鳞片的形状和大小变化。偶然地，我们表明，通过使用这种3DGM方法，我们可以使用鳞片平台属性来(1)做出相当准确的石材鳞片大小预测，(2)做出相对详细的石材鳞片形状预测。无论是有意识的还是本能的，对这种几何关系的理解对于过去的钳工有效地控制所需石片的生产至关重要。然而，尽管能够全面准确地将三维薄片方差纳入我们的分析，但这种方差的行为驱动因素仍然难以捉摸。
The archaeological record represents a window onto the complex relationship between stone artefact variance and hominin behaviour. Differences in the shapes and sizes of stone flakesthe most abundant remains of past behaviours for much of human evolutionary historymay be underpinned by variation in a range of different environmental and behavioural factors. Controlled flake production experiments have drawn inferences between flake platform preparation behaviours, which have thus far been approximated by linear measurements, and different aspects of overall stone flake variability (Dibble and Rezek J Archaeol Sci 36:1945-1954, 2009; Lin et al. Am Antiq 724-745, 2013; Magnani et al. J Archaeol Sci 46:37-49, 2014; Rezek et al. J Archaeol Sci 38:1346-1359, 2011). However, when the results are applied to archaeological assemblages, there remains a substantial amount of unexplained variability. It is unclear whether this disparity between explanatory models and archaeological data is a result of measurement error on certain key variables, whether traditional analyses are somehow a general limiting factor, or whether there are additional flake shape and size drivers that remain unaccounted for. To try and circumvent these issues, here, we describe a shape analysis approach to assessing stone flake variability including a newly developed three-dimensional geometric morphometric method (3DGM'). We use 3DGM to demonstrate that a relationship between platform and flake body governs flake shape and size variability. Contingently, we show that by using this 3DGM approach, we can use flake platform attributes to both (1) make fairly accurate stone flake size predictions and (2) make relatively detailed predictions of stone flake shape. Whether conscious or instinctive, an understanding of this geometric relationship would have been critical to past knappers effectively controlling the production of desired stone flakes. However, despite being able to holistically and accurately incorporate three-dimensional flake variance into our analyses, the behavioural drivers of this variance remain elusive.