Adaptation of sorghum: characterisation of genotypic flowering responses to temperature and photoperiod
Adaptation of sorghum: characterisation of genotypic flowering responses to temperature and photoperiod
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s001220051311
复制
发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hammer, GL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Craufurd, PQ;Mahalakshmi, V;Hammer, GL
高粱[双色高粱]是一种重要的谷类作物，广泛生长在热带和温带环境中。为了更好地了解高粱对环境的适应，本研究对不同基因型高粱的光热开花响应进行了表征，并探讨了光热特性与源地环境的关系。1992 ~ 1995年间，在印度、肯尼亚和Mall的24个高粱主产区的24个种质资源和1个杂交种在不同温度和光周期的环境中进行了种植。记录从播种到开花的时间(f)，利用光热模型量化1/f对温度和光周期的响应。利用乘法速率光热模型，在广泛的环境条件下准确地预测了从播种到开花的时间。最小开花时间（F-m）和光周期敏感性（临界光周期P-c和光周期敏感性斜率P-s）在不同基因型间存在显著差异；高粱对不同生长环境的适应性主要取决于光周期敏感性和最短开花时间；光周期敏感性决定了面包对纬度（日长）的适应，而最短开花时间的变化决定了在较小纬度范围内的特定适应，例如在湿润和半湿润热带地区。
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop grown in a wide range of tropical and temperate environments. This study was conducted to characterise the photothermal flowering responses of sorghum genotypes and to examine relationships between photothermal characteristics and environment of origin in order to better understand the phenological basis of adaptation to environment in sorghum. Twenty-four germplasm accessions and one hybrid from 24 major sorghum-growing areas were grown in a wide range of environments varying in temperature and photoperiod in India, Kenya and Mall between 1992 and 1995. Times from sowing to flowering (f) were recorded, and the responsiveness of 1/f to temperature and photoperiod was quantified using photothermal models. Times from sowing to flowering were accurately predicted in a wide range of environments using a multiplicative rate photothermal model. Significant variation in the minimum time to flower (F-m) and photoperiod sensitivity (critical photoperiod, P-c, and photoperiod-sensitivity slope, P-s) was observed among the genotypes; in contrast there was little variation in base temperature (Tb) Adaptation of sorghum to the diverse environments in which it is grown was largely determined by photoperiod sensitivity and minimum time to flower; photoperiod sensitivity determines bread adaptation to latitude (daylength), while variation in the minimum time to flower determines specific adaptation within smaller ranges of latitude, e.g. within the humid and sub-humid tropics.