Cognitive pragmatics: The mental processes of communication
Cognitive pragmatics: The mental processes of communication
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DOI：
10.1515/iprg.2011.020
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发表时间：
2010-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Bara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Bara
一种观点认为，沟通是行动者之间的合作活动，他们有意识地、有意地共同构建他们互动的意义。在《认知语用学》一书中，布鲁诺·巴拉提出了一种人类交际理论，该理论既通过逻辑形式化，又通过实验数据和临床研究得到经验验证。Bara认为，沟通是一种合作活动，两个或两个以上的主体一起有意识地、有意地构建他们互动的意义。在真正的交流中（巴拉将其与单纯的信息传递区分开来），所有参与者必须共享一套心理状态。Bara从认知角度出发，不是从外部观察者的角度来研究交流（就像语言学和语言哲学的实践一样），而是从个人的内心来研究交流。Bara通过行为和对话游戏的概念来研究交流互动，这构成了交流行为（语言或手势）的产生和理解。他描述了标准沟通和非标准沟通（包括欺骗、讽刺和“假装”的陈述）。详细分析了故障，并解释了可能的解决方案。Bara从进化和发展的角度研究了交际能力，追溯了它从原始人到智人的出现，并定义了人类从出生到成年的发展阶段。他将自己的理论与神经科学联系起来，并解释了不同类型的脑损伤和阿尔茨海默病导致的沟通能力下降。自始至终，Bara提供了来自文献和他自己研究的支持数据。Bara提出的创新理论框架不仅会引起认知科学家和神经科学家的兴趣，也会引起人类学家、语言学家和发展心理学家的兴趣。
An argument that communication is a cooperative activity between agents, who together consciously and intentionally construct the meaning of their interaction. In Cognitive Pragmatics, Bruno Bara offers a theory of human communication that is both formalized through logic and empirically validated through experimental data and clinical studies. Bara argues that communication is a cooperative activity in which two or more agents together consciously and intentionally construct the meaning of their interaction. In true communication (which Bara distinguishes from the mere transmission of information), all the actors must share a set of mental states. Bara takes a cognitive perspective, investigating communication not from the viewpoint of an external observer (as is the practice in linguistics and the philosophy of language) but from within the mind of the individual. Bara examines communicative interaction through the notion of behavior and dialogue games, which structure both the generation and the comprehension of the communication act (either language or gesture). He describes both standard communication and nonstandard communication (which includes deception, irony, and "as-if" statements). Failures are analyzed in detail, with possible solutions explained. Bara investigates communicative competence in both evolutionary and developmental terms, tracing its emergence from hominids to Homo sapiens and defining the stages of its development in humans from birth to adulthood. He correlates his theory with the neurosciences, and explains the decay of communication that occurs both with different types of brain injury and with Alzheimer's disease. Throughout, Bara offers supporting data from the literature and his own research. The innovative theoretical framework outlined by Bara will be of interest not only to cognitive scientists and neuroscientists but also to anthropologists, linguists, and developmental psychologists.