Does sleep protect memories against interference? A failure to replicate
Does sleep protect memories against interference? A failure to replicate
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0220419
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发表时间：
2020-02-13
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tucker, Matthew A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bailes, Carrie;Caldwell, Mary;Tucker, Matthew A.
在广泛的记忆任务中，与一天醒来相比，一夜睡眠后的记忆保持能力更强。然而，这一结果本身并不能澄清睡眠是否只是减缓了在清醒状态下信息处理导致的遗忘，或者睡眠是否实际上巩固了记忆，保护它们免受随后的追溯干扰。两项有影响力的研究表明，当参与者学习新的但重叠的信息(干扰学习)时，睡眠可以保护记忆免受随后的追溯干扰。在这些研究中，与清醒一天相比，一夜睡眠后的干扰性学习对记忆的损害要小得多，这表明睡眠支持记忆巩固的这一重要方面。在目前的重复研究中，我们重复了的方案，此外，我们还考察了内在动机对睡眠和清醒参与者表现的影响。我们无法重复这一发现，即睡眠保护记忆免受追溯干扰，干扰学习的有害影响在清醒和睡眠参与者中基本上是相同的。我们还发现，虽然内在动机有利于任务获得，但它并不是记忆加工中睡眠-觉醒差异的调节器。尽管我们不能接受睡眠在减少干扰的负面影响方面没有作用的零假设，但这些发现质疑了睡眠在保护记忆免受干扰方面的作用的先前证据。此外，目前的研究强调了在得出确定未来研究方向的有力结论之前，复制睡眠对记忆处理影响的研究中关键发现的重要性。
Across a broad spectrum of memory tasks, retention is superior following a night of sleep compared to a day of wake. However, this result alone does not clarify whether sleep merely slows the forgetting that would otherwise occur as a result of information processing during wakefulness, or whether sleep actually consolidates memories, protecting them from subsequent retroactive interference. Two influential studies suggested that sleep protects memories against the subsequent retroactive interference that occurs when participants learn new yet overlapping information (interference learning). In these studies, interference learning was much less detrimental to memory following a night of sleep compared to a day of wakefulness, an indication that sleep supports this important aspect of memory consolidation. In the current replication study, we repeated the protocol of and, additionally, we examined the impact of intrinsic motivation on performance in sleep and wake participants. We were unable to replicate the finding that sleep protects memories against retroactive interference, with the detrimental effects of interference learning being essentially the same in wake and sleep participants. We also found that while intrinsic motivation benefitted task acquisition it was not a modulator of sleep-wake differences in memory processing. Although we cannot accept the null hypothesis that sleep has no role to play in reducing the negative impact of interference, the findings draw into question prior evidence for sleep's role in protecting memories against interference. Moreover, the current study highlights the importance of replicating key findings in the study of sleep's impact on memory processing before drawing strong conclusions that set the direction of future research.