The role of nonbilayer phospholipids in mitochondrial structure and function.

The role of nonbilayer phospholipids in mitochondrial structure and function.
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DOI:
10.1002/1873-3468.12887
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发表时间:
2018-04
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Gohil VM
Gohil VM
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Basu Ball W;Neff JK;Gohil VM

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线粒体的结构和功能受其膜的独特磷脂组成的影响。虽然线粒体含有所有主要种类的磷脂,但最近的研究强调了非双层形成磷脂磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)和心磷脂(CL)在线粒体呼吸链(MRC)复合物的组装和活性中的特定作用。非双层磷脂是锥形分子,在双层膜中引入曲率应力,并已被证明影响线粒体融合和裂变。除了在这些线粒体过程中的重叠作用外,每一种非双层磷脂在线粒体功能中也起着独特的作用;例如,MRC超络合物的形成特别需要CL。线粒体PE和CL转运蛋白的最新发现及其生物合成途径的先验知识为精确操纵线粒体膜内非双层磷脂水平提供了靶点。因此,这些途径的基因突变可能是阐明非双层磷脂在驱动线粒体生物能量学和动力学中的分子功能和生物物理特性的有价值的工具。
Mitochondrial structure and function are influenced by the unique phospholipid composition of its membranes. While mitochondria contain all the major classes of phospholipids, recent studies have highlighted specific roles of the non-bilayer forming phospholipids phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and cardiolipin (CL) in the assembly and activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes. The non-bilayer phospholipids are cone-shaped molecules that introduce curvature stress in the bilayer membrane and have been shown to impact mitochondrial fusion and fission. In addition to their overlapping roles in these mitochondrial processes, each non-bilayer phospholipid also plays a unique role in mitochondrial function; for example, CL is specifically required for MRC supercomplex formation. Recent discoveries of mitochondrial PE and CL trafficking proteins and prior knowledge of their biosynthetic pathways have provided targets for precisely manipulating non-bilayer phospholipid levels in the mitochondrial membranes in vivo. Thus, the genetic mutants of these pathways could be valuable tools in illuminating molecular functions and biophysical properties of non-bilayer phospholipids in driving mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics.
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