Olfactory stimulation using black pepper oil facilitates oral feeding in pediatric patients receiving long-term enteral nutrition
Olfactory stimulation using black pepper oil facilitates oral feeding in pediatric patients receiving long-term enteral nutrition
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DOI：
10.1620/tjem.214.327
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Onuma, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munakata, Mitsutoshi;Kobayashi, Kaori;Onuma, Akira
患有严重神经系统疾病的患者通常需要肠内营养（EN）。由于长期EN可引起多种并发症，恢复口服食物是有益的。据报道，使用黑胡椒油（BPO）的嗅觉刺激，一种强烈的食欲刺激剂，有助于老年人的吞咽。因此，在因神经系统疾病接受长期EN的儿科患者中研究了BPO嗅觉刺激的影响。在10名患者中进行了评价，每餐前1分钟与BPO的气味的影响：4名男孩和6名女孩，年龄19-97个月（51 - 26个月）。神经系统疾病包括脑室周围白质软化（3例患者）、缺氧缺血性脑病（3例）、Costello综合征（1例）、Russell-Silver综合征（1例）、Miller-Dieker综合征（1例）和病因不明的脑瘫（1例）。在这些患者中的8例中，BPO干预持续了3个月。这8例患者中有5例显示口服摄入量增加，具有理想的效果，包括促进吞咽运动，尽管没有完全消除EN的需要。在其他3例患者中，BPO干预无效;严重的脑组织缺损、严重畸形或顽固性癫痫发作似乎降低了BPO的疗效。在2例病例中，BPO干预因咳嗽或BPO气味令家庭无法忍受而停止。总之，嗅觉刺激与BPO促进口服摄入的长期EN患者的一个子集。当与常规方法结合使用时，BPO刺激可能有助于促进口服摄入。
Patients with severe neurological disorders often require enteral nutrition (EN). Since long-term EN can cause multiple complications, reinstating the oral intake of food is beneficial. Olfactory stimulation using black pepper oil (BPO), a strong appetite stimulant, was reported to facilitate swallowing in older people. Therefore, the effects of olfactory stimulation with BPO were investigated in pediatric patients receiving long-term EN due to neurological disorders. The effects of scenting with BPO for 1 min immediately before every meal were evaluated in ten patients: 4 boys and 6 girls, aged 19-97 months (51 26 months). The neurological disorders included periventricular leukomalacia (3 patients), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (3), Costello syndrome (1), Russell-Silver syndrome (1), Miller-Dieker syndrome (1), and cerebral palsy of unknown etiology (1). In eight of these patients, BPO intervention was continued for 3 months. Five of these eight patients showed increases in the amount of oral intake with desirable effects including facilitated swallowing movement, although complete elimination of the need for EN was not achieved. In the other three patients, BPO intervention was not effective; severe cerebral tissue loss, profound malformation or intractable seizures seemed to reduce the efficacy of BPO. In two cases, BPO intervention was discontinued due to cough or because the odor of BPO was unbearable to the family. In conclusion, olfactory stimulation with BPO facilitated oral intake in a subset of patients on long-term EN. BPO stimulation may be useful for facilitating oral intake when used in combination with conventional methods.