Inter-personal diversity and temporal dynamics of dental, tongue, and salivary microbiota in the healthy oral cavity.
Inter-personal diversity and temporal dynamics of dental, tongue, and salivary microbiota in the healthy oral cavity.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41522-016-0011-0
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Senadheera DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall MW;Singh N;Ng KF;Lam DK;Goldberg MB;Tenenbaum HC;Neufeld JD;G Beiko R;Senadheera DB
口腔微生物是一个复杂而动态的生物膜群落，每天都受到宿主和环境的挑战。口腔生物膜的生态失调与局部和远端感染相关，并且假定健康核心口腔微生物群的基线提供了在疾病发作和复发期间检查这种变化的机会。在这里，我们通过对迄今为止最大的口腔微生物群时间序列进行测序，量化了口腔微生物群的每日、每周和每月变异性，涵盖了十名健康个体的多个口腔部位。唾液，牙齿和舌头财团的时间动态进行了检查，高通量16 S rRNA基因测序超过90天，4个人额外的采样1年后。牙齿，舌头和唾液样本之间观察到不同的社区，与高水平的相似性之间观察到的舌头和唾液社区。在≥95%的样本中存在26个核心OTU，这些核心OTU属于链球菌属、梭杆菌属、嗜血杆菌属、奈瑟氏球菌属、普雷沃氏菌属和罗氏菌属，占总序列数据的约65%。系统发育多样性因人而异，但与个体间变异相比，随着时间的推移，个体内的系统发育多样性相对稳定。相比之下，在大多数个体中，稀有微生物的组成随时间变化很大。使用机器学习，个人的口腔微生物组合可以正确地分配给他们，准确率为88-97%，具体取决于采样地点;在初始采样后一年采集的样本中，83%可以自信地追溯到源受试者。一项对口腔中细菌的研究揭示了它们在人群中和随着时间的推移的多样性，稳定性和变异性。通过跟踪10名健康志愿者的牙菌斑和唾液细菌的每日、每周和每月波动，多伦多大学牙科学院的Dilani Senadheera和加拿大的合作研究人员发现，随着时间的推移，牙齿、舌头和唾液样本中的“微生物组”存在显著差异。他们发现这些群落在个体之间存在相当大的差异，即使在一年后也足以使用牙菌斑或唾液通过“细菌指纹”识别一个人。研究人员揭示了一个跨越不同人、口腔部位和时间的“核心社区”，这表明了某种程度的稳定性。这项研究有助于了解不同口腔部位随时间推移的多样性和群落漂移，这在牙菌斑和唾液用于诊断，风险预测和法医应用中的细菌分析时非常重要。
Oral microbes form a complex and dynamic biofilm community, which is subjected to daily host and environmental challenges. Dysbiosis of the oral biofilm is correlated with local and distal infections and postulating a baseline for the healthy core oral microbiota provides an opportunity to examine such shifts during the onset and recurrence of disease. Here we quantified the daily, weekly, and monthly variability of the oral microbiome by sequencing the largest oral microbiota time-series to date, covering multiple oral sites in ten healthy individuals. Temporal dynamics of salivary, dental, and tongue consortia were examined by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing over 90 days, with four individuals sampled additionally 1 year later. Distinct communities were observed between dental, tongue, and salivary samples, with high levels of similarity observed between the tongue and salivary communities. Twenty-six core OTUs that classified within Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Prevotella, and Rothia genera were present in ≥95% samples and accounted for ~65% of the total sequence data. Phylogenetic diversity varied from person to person, but remained relatively stable within individuals over time compared to inter-individual variation. In contrast, the composition of rare microorganisms was highly variable over time, within most individuals. Using machine learning, an individual's oral microbial assemblage could be correctly assigned to them with 88–97% accuracy, depending on the sample site; 83% of samples taken a year after initial sampling could be confidently traced back to the source subject. A study of bacteria in the mouth reveals insights into their diversity, stability, and variability among people and over time. By tracking daily, weekly, and monthly fluctuations of plaque and salivary bacteria in ten healthy volunteers, Dilani Senadheera at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto and co-researchers in Canada reveal significant differences in the “microbiome” present in dental, tongue and saliva samples over time. They found considerable variation in these communities between individuals, sufficient to identify a person with “bacterial fingerprints” using plaque or saliva even after 1 year. The researchers reveal a “core community” that spans different persons, oral sites, and time, suggesting some level of stability. This study is useful to understand the diversity and community drifts in different oral sites over time, which is important when plaque and saliva are used for bacterial analysis in diagnostic, risk-prediction, and forensic applications.