Division of Labor in the Interpretation of Declaratives and Interrogatives
Division of Labor in the Interpretation of Declaratives and Interrogatives
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DOI：
10.1093/jos/ffw012
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Roelofsen, Floris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farkas, Donka F.;Roelofsen, Floris
本文介绍了英语中一系列句子类型的语义内容和常规语篇效果，即下降陈述句、极性疑问句和某些上升陈述句和附加疑问句。该帐户的目的是划分劳动之间的组合语义和惯例的使用原则的方式。我们认为，下降的陈述句和极性疑问句是无标记的句子类型。在我们的帐户，在他们的常规话语效果的差异遵循独立动机的语义差异结合一个单一的惯例的使用，这适用于两种句子类型。因此，弗雷格的言外之力算子的断言和疑问变得不必要。相反，我们认为上升陈述句和附加疑问句是有标记的句子类型。根据我们的解释，它们的常规话语效果包括由这里所考虑的所有句子类型所共有的基本使用惯例所决定的效果，以及与它们的形式属性系统地联系在一起的特殊效果。因此，我们的方法的一个核心特点是，它保持了一个平行的无标记和标记的句子类型，以及基本和复杂的话语效果。
This article presents an account of the semantic content and conventional discourse effects of a range of sentence types in English, namely falling declaratives, polar interrogatives and certain kinds of rising declaratives and tag interrogatives. The account aims to divide the labor between compositional semantics and conventions of use in a principled way. We argue that falling declaratives and polar interrogatives are unmarked sentence types. On our account, differences in their conventional discourse effects follow from independently motivated semantic differences combined with a single convention of use, which applies uniformly to both sentence types. As a result, the Fregean 'illocutionary force operators' Assertion and Question become unnecessary. In contrast, we argue that rising declaratives and tag interrogatives are marked sentence types. On our account, their conventional discourse effects consist of the effects that are dictated by the basic convention of use that is common to all sentence types considered here, augmented with special effects that are systematically connected to their formal properties. Thus, a central feature of our approach is that it maintains a parallelism between unmarked and marked sentence types on the one hand, and basic and complex discourse effects on the other.