Independent eye movements in the turtle.
Independent eye movements in the turtle.
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乌龟的独立眼球运动。
DOI：
10.1017/s0952523800000055
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ariel,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ariel,M
为了评估海龟的正常眼球运动，使用两个搜索线圈接触镜同时记录每只眼睛的位置。这只动物的视动性眼球震颤（OKN）是惊人的unyoked，一只眼睛的慢相速度基本上是独立的另一只眼睛。另一方面，两只眼睛的快相位运动或多或少是同步发生的，一只眼睛的慢相位增益主要取决于对该眼睛的刺激的方向和速度。使用单眼刺激，最高的平均增益（0.54 ± 0.047;平均值±平均值的标准误差）发生在2.5度/秒的颞鼻运动。在该速度下，鼻颞运动的平均OKN增益仅为0.13 ± 0.015。此外，使用最佳单眼刺激（2.5度/秒的颞-鼻刺激）仅驱动被遮挡眼以0.085度/秒的速度从鼻-颞运动，相当于仅0.034 ± 0.011的“增益”。旋转刺激时双眼OKN增益高于单眼增益，尤其是在鼻-颞高速运动时。双眼旋转刺激时，双眼慢相眼速度的差异也较小。相反，当每只眼睛同时以相等的速度观看其颞鼻刺激时，观察到两种行为。通常，OKN在动物的左眼和右眼之间交替出现。偶尔，两只眼睛以相等但相反的速度移动。这些行为数据提供了一个定量的基线来解释海龟的辅助光学系统中的视网膜滑动信息的属性。这些特性类似于海龟的行为，因为它们都独立于每只眼睛的方向和速度（Rosenberg & Ariel，1990）。
In order to evaluate the normal eye movements of the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans, the positions of each eye were recorded simultaneously using two search-coil contact lenses. Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) was strikingly unyoked in this animal such that one eye's slow-phase velocity was substantially independent of that of the other eye. On the other hand, the fast-phase motions of both eyes occurred more or less in synchrony.An eye's slow-phase gain is primarily dependent on the direction and velocity of the stimulus to that eye. Using monocular stimuli, the highest mean gain (0.54 ± 0.047; mean ± standard error of mean) occurred using temporal-to-nasal movement at 2.5 deg/s. The mean OKN gain for nasal-to-temporal movement was only 0.13 ± 0.015 at that velocity. Additionally, using the optimal monocular stimulus (temporal-to-nasal stimulation at 2.5 deg/s) only drove the occluded eye to move nasal-to-temporally at 0.085 deg/s, equivalent to a “gain” of only 0.034 ± 0.011.The binocular OKN gain during rotational stimuli was higher than monocular gain, especially during nasal-to-temporal movement at high velocities. Also the difference in slow-phase eye velocity between the two eyes was smaller during binocular rotational stimuli. In contrast, when each eye simultaneously viewed its temporal-to-nasal stimulus at an equal velocity, two behaviors were observed. Often, OKN alternated between an animal's left eye and right eye. Occasionally, both eyes moved at equal but opposite velocities.These behavioral data provide a quantitative baseline to interpret the properties of the retinal slip information in the turtle's accessory optic system. Those properties are similar to the behavior of the turtle in that both are tuned to direction and velocity independently for each eye (Rosenberg & Ariel, 1990).