Multiple stresses from a single agent: Diverse responses to the experimental acidification of Little Rock Lake, Wisconsin
Multiple stresses from a single agent: Diverse responses to the experimental acidification of Little Rock Lake, Wisconsin
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来自单一因素的多重压力：对威斯康星州小石湖实验酸化的不同反应
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Morris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Frost;P. Montz;T. Kratz;Tracy Badillo;P. Brezonik;María González;Ronald G. Rada;C. Watras;K. Webster;J. Wiener;C. Williamson;D. Morris
一个单一的压力，硫酸酸化，被施加到小石城湖在整个生态系统的操纵。我们记录了对酸化的广泛反应，包括各种化学品浓度的增加，微生物过程的变化以及UV B辐射对水透明度的重大增加。这些变化中的每一个本身都可以被认为是一个独立的生态系统压力，与预期的操纵不同。小石城湖的酸化伴随着一些生物发生了实质性的变化。一系列详细的研究表明，这些生物变化的机制是多种多样的，但通常不能与酸化的直接影响联系在一起。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，多个压力可以从一个单一的代理人在一个生态系统上运行，并表明，单一的操作压力实际上可能是相当罕见的。
A single stress, acidification with sulfuric acid, was applied to Little Rock Lake in a whole‐ecosystem manipulation. We documented a wide range of responses to the acidification, including increases in the concentrations of various chemicals, shifts in microbial processes and a major increase in water clarity to UV‐B radiation. Each of these changes could in itself be considered as a separate ecosystem stress that is distinct from the intended manipulation. Acidification in Little Rock Lake was accompanied by a number of substantial changes in the occurrence of organisms. A series of detailed investigations indicates that the mechanisms underlying these organismal changes are varied but cannot usually be tied to the direct effects of acidification. Overall, our results demonstrate how multiple stresses can arise from a single agent operating on an ecosystem and suggest that singly operating stresses may actually be quite rare.